地震落梁两级控制装置的开发与试验  

Failure Control Device for Bridges During Earthquake

作　　者：孙广俊[1] 王森[1] 李鸿晶[1] SUN Guangjun;WANG Seng;LI Hongjing(Colege of Civil Engineering,Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing,211816,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学土木工程学院,南京211816

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2019年第2期424-430,451,452,共9页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51308293);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20130937);江苏省建设系统科技项目(2015ZD75)

摘　　要：为了增强桥梁抗御地震落梁的能力,减轻交通生命线系统的震害损失,基于耗能减震、多级设防和结构分灾三个抗震性能设计理念,设计了一种具有耗能限位和上部体系连续化两级功能,并能在不同水准地震下自动实现功能转换的地震落梁控制装置。首先,分析了装置的构成、特点和工作机理,对第1级耗能限位组件进行了拟静力试验,测试了耗能滞回曲线;然后,对第2级拉索连梁组件进行了静力拉伸试验,评价了其变形性能、破坏形式和锚固性能;最后,对抗震销栓进行了剪切试验,考察了控制级别的转换,采用试验结果对有限元模拟结果进行了验证。研究表明,地震落梁两级控制装置具有有效的位移约束、合理的耗能机制和明确的分灾保险丝构造,实现了梁-梁连接和墩-梁连接控制模式的优势互补,实现了强震作用下对桥梁落梁失效的控制和对桥墩的安全保护。In order to enhance the unseating prevention capacity of bridge and reduce the seismic loss of transportation lifeline system,a new control device for the seismic unseating prevention of bridges is developed according to the conceptions of energy dissipation,multi-failure and damage reduction.The device provides two different control types of performance including energy dissipation-based displacement restriction and unseating prevention,and these two level control types can be automatically transformed.Firstly,the composition,characteristics and the working mechanism of the device are analyzed.Then,a quasi-static experiment is conducted to examine the hysteretic curve of the energy dissipation-based displacement restriction unit of the first-level control.Then,a static tensile experiment is conducted to investigate the deformation characteristics,the failure mode and the anchoring capacity of the cable restrainer unit on the second-level control.In addition,a bolt shear experiment is conducted to examine the control conversion function.Finally,our finite element simulation method is verified by the experimental results.The results indicate that the two-level control device for seismic unseating failure has an effective displacement constraint capacity,a reasonable energy dissipation mechanism and a distinct structure of damage-reduction fuse.The device achieves complementary advantages between its girder-girder connection and piergirder connection control mode,providing a reliable guarantee for unseating prevention and a safety protection of bridge pier in strong earthquake.

关 键 词：桥梁 地震 落梁 控制 耗能限位 连梁 结构保险丝 

分 类 号：U442.55[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] TH122[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]