桨后舵片空泡的分离涡模型模拟及实船舵空泡试验  

Detached eddy simulation of sheet cavitation of rudder behind propeller and real ship rudder cavitation test

作　　者：叶金铭[1] 于安斌 王友乾 曹彦涛 宋光照[4] YE Jinming;YU Anbin;WANG Youqian;CAO Yantao;SONG Guangzhao(Department of Naval Architecture,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;Institute of Noise & Vibration,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;Naval Shanghai Area Equipment Repair Room,Shanghai 200000,China;National Key Laboratory on Ship Vibration and Noise,China Ship Scientific Research Center,Jiangsu 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学舰船与海洋学院,湖北武汉430033 [2]海军工程大学振动与噪声研究所,湖北武汉430033 [3]海军上海地区装备修理监修室,上海200000 [4]中国船舶科学研究中心船舶振动噪声重点实验室,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2019年第5期913-919,共7页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51579423)

摘　　要：为深入了解水面高速舰船的舵空化性能,本文采用计算流体力学(CFD)法对考虑船体影响的桨后舵片空泡进行计算,并在国内首次开展了实船舵空泡观测试验。通过对比确定了舵片空泡计算的分离涡模型,研究了螺旋桨和舵空泡发生的先后顺序、舵下端部的空化现象和舵空化的范围,并结合CFD计算和实船试验对不同航速、舵角的舵空泡进行研究,结果表明:在中低海况中的设计航速下,为保持航向航行,水面舰船普通舵表面会先于螺旋桨发生较为严重的片空化现象,且舵面空化范围主要集中在展向0. 1L～0. 6L位置;舵下端部和防腐蚀电极处则先于舵面发生空化。因此,水面高速舰船的普通舵易发生严重空化,而该研究可为研制具有良好抗空化性能的新型舵提供借鉴和参考。To further study the cavitation performance of a rudder on a high-speed surface ship, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to study the sheet cavitation of the rudder in a propeller slipstream while considering the hull effect. Moreover, a cavitation observation test was domestically conducted on the rudder of a real ship for the first time. First, the detached eddy simulation (DES) model was used to calculate the sheet cavitation of the rudder by comparison. Then, the cavitation inception between propeller and rudder, cavitation of the bottom rudder, and the domain of rudder cavitation were studied in sequence. Finally, the cavitation of the rudder at various speeds and rudder angles was studied by combining CFD method and real ship testing. The result shows that the ordinary rudder of the surface ship encountered serious sheet cavitation in the propeller slipstream to maintain the course of navigation at the design speed and middle-low sea conditions;in addition, the domain of rudder cavitation was about 0.1 L^0.6 L along the span direction;the cavitation occurred at the bottom of rudder and anti-corrosion electrode before the rudder surface. Therefore, the ordinary rudder of surface high-speed ships is prone to severe cavitation, and this research can provide reference for developing a new type of rudder with good anti-cavitation.

关 键 词：舵空泡 船体 计算流体力学 螺旋桨 普通舵 分离涡模型 实船试验 水面舰船 

分 类 号：U661.4[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]