基于危险度与风险格局的土地盐碱化监测区优先级评价  

Priority evaluation of land salinization monitoring area based on danger degree and risk pattern

作　　者：杨厚翔 雷国平[1] 徐秋[1] 连臣 Yang Houxiang;Lei Guoping;Xu Qiu;Lian Chen(Institute of Land Management,Northeast University,Shenyang 110169,China;Heilongjiang Province Land Use Monitoring Center,Harbin 150090,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学土地管理研究所,沈阳110169 [2]黑龙江省土地利用监测中心,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2019年第7期238-246,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671520);黑龙江省国土资源科研项目(201411);黑龙江省国土资源科研项目(201414)

摘　　要：为提高盐碱化监测和防治的针对性和精准性,该文选取与盐碱化形成有关的土壤质地、蒸降比、地下水矿化度、土地利用程度、盐碱化历史敏感性,以及与盐碱化扩散有关的地貌、数字高程(digital elevation model, DEM)、植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI)、坡度、土壤质地等因子,借助BP神经网格、最小阻力模型、灰色关联度、叠加法和空间分析法,开展黑龙江省土地盐碱化监测区域识别,研究结果表明,1)黑龙江盐碱地监测区面积为2 981.72万hm^2,占研究区的67.10%,其中高、中、低级别监测区占区域面积的20.18%、14.68%、32.23%;2)盐碱地监测级别总体呈现西部>东部>中部、北部、南部,高级别和中级别监测区主要分布在松嫩平原西部、西南部和北部以及三江平原东北部地区,低级别监测区主要分布在松嫩平原东部、三江平原南部、东南部山地区。研究结果及过程为土地盐碱化监测与防治提供了科学依据和方法参考。The purpose of the study was to improve the pertinence and accuracy of salinization monitoring and control.The main data sources for this paper include agricultural land classification database,1:500 000 spatial distribution data of saline-alkali land,China earth international exchange station climate data daily value sata set(V3.0),1:1 000 000 soil database data,1:1 000 000 spatial distribution data of soil texture in China,land change survey database and other data of Heilongjiang Province.With the support of the above data,on the one hand,research starts from the connotation of land salinization,filtered out land risk assessment factor from numerous factors,include landform,soil texture,evaporation and precipitation ratio,groundwater mineralization,regional sensitivity,land use level,the relationship between land salinization and its correlation was analyzed by the grey correlation model,and used the grey correlation model to analyze the correlation between these factors and land salinization,in order to verify the rationality of the selection of indicators,based on this,carry out grid training and accuracy test,formed land salinization assessment model.On the one hand,started from the extension of land salinization,screened out the resistance factors of soil salinization diffusion or migration,and constructed a resistance surface,used the minimal cumulative resistance model to evaluate the risk pattern of land salinization landscape.After the above work was completed,then with the help of ArcGIS spatial analysis function,superimposed the evaluation results of land salinization danger and land salinization landscape risk pattern,Formed land salinization type zones and monitoring levels.This paper takes Heilongjiang Province as an example to apply the method,the main research results were summarized as follows:1)In terms of the salinity danger of the land,the land salinization danger of the salinity risk of severe and above land were mainly distributed in the southwestern part of the Songnen Plain,moderately di

关 键 词：盐度测试 监测 土壤 盐碱化 危险度 景观生态风险 黑龙江 

分 类 号：F301.21[经济管理—产业经济]