汉语史中“更”类程度副词历时更替的原因分析  

Causes of Diachronic Replacement of Comparative Degree Adverbs in Chinese History

作　　者：杨振华 YANG Zhen-hua(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Hebei University,Baoding Hebei,071000)

机构地区：[1]河北大学文学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第2期68-73,共6页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"基于资料库的古籍计算机辅助版本校勘和编纂系统研究"(15ZDB104);山西省高校哲学社会科学姚奠中国学教育基金项目(2014GX07)

摘　　要：汉语史中表示比较的程度副词有"愈、益、弥、滋、加、倍、转、更(更加)、越(越发)"等,它们的使用情况大致是:上古汉语时期主要用"愈""益",中古汉语时期主要用"益",近代汉语时期主要用"更""越"。"愈""益""弥"等词语所具有的共同语义特征使它们能够递相类聚到比较类程度副词这一词类的范畴。语法化程度的高低、遵循"语音象似性"规律的倾向和语言系统的自我更新与调整是比较类程度副词发生历时更替的动因。There are many comparative degree adverbs in the history of Chinese,such as"yu(愈),yi(益),mi(弥),zi(滋),jia(加),bei(倍),zhuan(转),geng(更),yue(越),geng-jia(更加),yue-fa(越发),Yu(愈),yi(益)"are mainly used in the ancient Chinese period,"yi(益)"are mainly used in the mediaeval times of China,and"geng(更),yue(越)"are mainly used in the modern Chinese period.It is just the common semantic features of these comparative degree adverbs that make them to form the category of comparative adverbs.What’s more,the self-renewal and adjustment of the language system,the tendency of the language iconicity and the degree of grammaticalization are the three causes of the diachronic replacement.

关 键 词：副词 演变 更替 原因 

分 类 号：H042[语言文字—语言学]