试析巴枯宁主义与马克思主义之争  

On the Struggle between Bakuninism and Marxism

作　　者：姜爱华 吴雪 JIANG Ai-hua;WU Xue(School of Marxism, Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学马克思主义学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《赤峰学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第4期120-123,共4页Journal of Chifeng University：Philosophy and Social Science Chinese Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目"工程决策的伦理规约机制研究"(13YJC720031);辽宁省教育厅基金项目"工程决策的生态伦理规约机制构建研究"(L201641);辽宁省哲学社会科学规划基金"基于生产力视角的新发展理念研究"(L18BZX005)

摘　　要：马克思与巴枯宁之间曾进行了长达数十年的争斗。对于自由,马克思主义者认为自由是有条件的,应该是实践的自由,而巴枯宁则认为自由应该是绝对无条件的,是神圣不可侵犯的;对于国家,马克思主义者认为应该建立无产阶级专政,而巴枯宁则认为应该建立一种自治性联盟来代替国家;对于权威,马克思主义者认为权威的存在是社会稳定的保护伞,而巴枯宁则宣扬要废除权威,反对一切权威的存在。这场论战虽然发生在19世纪,但对我国未来社会主义道路建设依然具有借鉴意义。There have been decades of fighting between Marx and Bakunin. For freedom, Marxists believe that freedom is conditional and should be the freedom of practice, while Bakunin believes that freedom should be absolutely unconditional and sacred and inviolable;For the country, Marxists believe that the dictatorship of the proletariat should be established. Bakunin believes that an autonomous alliance should be established to replace the country;For authority, Marxists believe that the existence of authority is the umbrella of social stability, while Bakunin advocates the abolition of authority and the existence of all authority. Although this debate took place in the 19th century, it still has reference significance for China's future socialist road construction.

关 键 词：马克思 巴枯宁 社会主义 无政府主义 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]