2013-2017年北京市蚊虫时间与空间动态研究  

Time and space dynamics of mosquitoes in Beijing from 2013 to 2017

作　　者：刘美德[1] 佟颖[1] 张勇[1] 刘婷[1] 曾晓芃[1] LIU Mei-da;TONG Ying;ZHANG Yong;LIU Ting;ZENG Xiao-peng(Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Beijing Center forPreventive Meiicine Research,Beijing 100013 ,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京市预防医学研究中心,100013

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2019年第2期62-65,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(编号:7132038);首都卫生发展科研专项(编号:2018-2-3015);北京市预防医学研究中心科研培育项目(编号:2016-BJYJ-08)

摘　　要：目的分析2013-2017年北京市蚊虫在年度时间与环境空间上的动态变化特征,为有效防控蚊虫,降低人群叮咬机率及感染蚊媒疾病的风险提供科学依据。方法收集并整理分析2013-2017年5年间全市蚊虫监测网络中蚊虫的二氧化碳诱蚊灯法监测数据,对北京地区蚊虫种群的年度间与环境类型间的动态特征进行探讨。结果北京市蚊虫高峰期主要出现在7-8月,气候的变化有可能延长蚊虫高峰时间。北京地区蚊虫密度不断上升,在居民区、公园绿地,医院环境空间中增长更为明显。地区淡色库蚊种群优势度不断降低,但是仍是北京蚊虫群落的绝对优势种。白纹伊蚊种群密度与优势度逐年上升趋势明显,其在居民区、公园绿地、医院环境中密度增长更为明显,对北京市构成了潜在蚊媒病传播的风险。结论北京市蚊虫种群密度呈现出缓慢增长的趋势,特别白纹伊蚊种群密度在居民区和公园绿地等人群密集场所的显著增长,将使北京市面临的蚊虫防控、防止蚊媒病发生的压力日益增大。Objective The temporal and spatial mosquitoes’ dynamic in the past five years in Beijing were studied in order to provide scientific basis for effective control of major mosquito populations, prevention of sting rate and risk reduction of mosquito-borne diseases. Methods From 2013 to 2017, the monitor data of mosquito(using light traps combined with carbon dioxide) from mosquito surveillance network was collected and sorted out. Thereafter, we studied the density and proportion of mosquitos in the scale of year and environment type. Results The result showed that the peak period of mosquitos in Beijing could be seen in July and August, and the climate change may prolong the peak period. The mosquito density increased continuously in Beijing, especially in residential areas, parks and green spaces, and hospital environment. Though still being the dominant species of the mosquitoes’ community, the population of Culex pipiens pallens decrease constantly. There is obviously upward trend of density and dominance of Aedes albopictus by year, and the increasing density of Ae. albopictus was significantly in residential areas, parks, green spaces and hospital environments, which posed a potential risk of mosquito-borne disease transmission in Beijing. Conclusion In particular, the significant increase in the population density of Ae. albopictus in residential areas and park green spaces will pose growing pressure on mosquito control and mosquito-borne diseases in Beijing.

关 键 词：蚊虫 蚊媒疾病 动态 时间 空间 

分 类 号：R34.1[医药卫生—基础医学] R14.31