安太堡煤矿复垦区土壤重金属含量及污染评价  

Assessment of heavy metal contamination and their contents in the soil of coal rehabilitation areas in Pingshuo,Shanxi province

作　　者：江山 刘焕焕 张菁 王改玲[1] Jiang Shan;Liu Huanhuan;Zhang Jing;Wang Gailing(Institute of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第3期65-72,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项(20121101007)

摘　　要：[目的]为了解矿区复垦土壤中重金属元素的含量及环境质量,为安太堡露天煤矿的土地复垦及复垦土壤合理利用提供依据,本文以山西平朔安太堡露天煤矿复垦区为研究区域,采集8个样地土壤样品[方法]利用酸消解法,测定了其中8种重金属Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Hg和Cd的全量含量并进行污染评价和生态风险评价。[结果]各样地土壤重金属均未超过GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》的标准值;不同重金属单项污染指数为P_(As)>P_(Cu)>P_(Cr)>P_(Zn)>P_(Ni)>P_(Cd)>P_(Pb)>P_(Hg),内梅罗综合污染指数为0.318～0.389,土壤达清洁水平;各样地不同重金属的潜在生态风险参数为E_(As)>E_(Cd)>E_(Cu)>E_(Ni)>E_(Cr)>E_(Pb)>E_(Hg)>E_(Zn),潜在生态风险指数为9.93～12.65,属于轻微生态风险。KMO与Bartlett球形度检验的结果显示明安太堡煤矿复垦区中的不同复垦方式下土壤中重金属可能存在共同来源[结论]As、Cd和Ni是复垦过程中需要关注的元素,它们极易受人类活动影响;随着复垦年限的增加以及复垦模式变化,各重金属含量及污染指数无明显变化规律,复垦基质本身的含量及煤矸石堆垫、淋溶是影响土壤环境质量的重要原因。[Objectives]This study was conducted in the Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine in Pingshuo, Shanxi Province to investigate the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in the reclaimed soil and provide a scientific evidence for land reclamation and rational use of reclaimed soil.[Methods] The contents of eight heavy metals (Cr, Pb, As, Hg, Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn) were measured using acid digestion method. Contamination and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals were conducted based on the heavy metals' total content in reclamation soil under different reclamation modes. Single-factor index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method was applied to evaluate the status of heavy metals at each sampling point.[Results] showed that the concentrations of all heavy metals in the reclaimed soil were all below the standard values determined by GB15618-2018 "Soil Environmental Quality Control of Soil Pollution Risk of Agricultural Land (Trial)". The degree of different heavy metals' single pollution index was in the order of P As >P Cu >P Cr >P Zn >P Ni >P Cd >P Pb >P Hg , and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index was between 0.318 and 0.389 which indicated that the soil condition reached up to the cleanliness level. The potential ecological risk level of different heavy metals was determined as the order of E As >E Cd >E Cu >E Ni >E Cr >E Pb >E Hg >E Zn , and the potential ecological risk index was between 9.93 and 12.65 which displayed a slightly risk degree. The results of KMO and Bartlett sphericity test demonstrated that tested heavy metals in the soil under different reclamation modes might share the common resources.[Conclusion] As、Cd and Ni possessed the greatest potentially ecological risk in reclaimed soil at Antaibao opencast mine because their contents are easily to be influenced by human activities. The increase of the reclamation years and the different reclaimed vegetation patterns didn't produce a regular alternation of heavy metal content as well as pollution coefficient, which indicated that the co

关 键 词：复垦土壤 重金属 污染评价 潜在生态风险评价 安太堡露天煤矿 

分 类 号：X8[环境科学与工程—环境工程]