再论古代“丝绸之路”的主体内涵及其历史定位  

On the Connotations and Historical Status of the Ancient "Silk Road"

作　　者：曲金良[1] Qu Jinliang(College of Liberal Arts,Journalism and Communication,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学文学与新闻传播学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期46-51,共6页Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目"海洋强国战略的文化建构--中国海洋文化基础理论研究"(12FZX011);国家社科基金重大项目"中国海洋文化理论体系研究"(12&ZD113)

摘　　要："丝绸之路"已经成为今日人们的热谈。在大多数人的心目中,"丝绸之路"的内涵,指的是数千年中外关系历史上包括内陆和海上的一条条连通中外的丝绸——还有陶瓷、茶叶、木材、香料和其他"物质"作为贸易商品的"商路";并由此来赋予其对今日"一带一路"建设可资借鉴、传承、弘扬的"历史意义"。但这不是历史上一条条"陆路""海路"即今日所谓的"丝绸之路"的全部内涵,而且不是主要的、主体的内涵,因而需要对此作出符合历史原貌、原义和定位的解读,否则就是歪曲、虚无、亵渎历史。尽管迄今已有不少学者对此作了不少辨正析误的解说,但仍嫌力度不够,或不到位,或本身也有误,至今学界和社会上仍然误读误识普遍,谬种流传,不可不再加辨说。要之,中外关系暨中外交通历史上的一条条"陆路""海路",即今所谓"丝绸之路",就其主体内涵而言,就是中外联结政治、经济、文化、社会的综合性"文化通道",亦即"文化线路"。"丝绸之路"只不过是这种整体意义上的"文化线路"的形象化"代称";这其中,政治要素是第一要素,最"上位"要素,离开了中国历朝历代"中外一体""天下一家"的政治建构,无论"陆上""海上",作为"商路"的"丝绸之路"都不会存在。古代"丝绸之路"在近代的终结,就是这种政治建构被腐蚀瓦解的结果。Today’s topic of the "Silk Road" in the minds of most people refers to the commercial transport roads, including those of inland and seas, in the thousands of years of history of Sino-foreign relations, in which "silk" as well as ceramics, tea, wood, spices and other materials were the trade goods in this kind of "commercial roads", and thus give the "historical significance" for today’s construction of the "Belt and Road". But this is not just the whole connotation of the "land road" and "sea road" in history."Commercial roads", the so-called "Silk Road", is not the main connotation of those in the real history. In this case, it is necessary to make an interpretation that conforms to the original look, original meaning and orientation of the history. Otherwise, the history would be distorted and disrespected. Although many scholars have made a lot of explanations for this, they are still not enough, or they are wrong, thus the misunderstandings in the academic circles and society are still spread. In one word, whatever "land roads" or "sea roads", that is, the so-called "Silk Road" in the history of Sino-foreign relations, in terms of their main connotation, is "cultural channels", also known as "cultural routes", of politics, economy, culture and society. And among the whole elements and overall sense of the above, the political element is primary, and the most "upper" one, without which, the "Silk Road" as the "commercial roads" would not exist. The end of the ancient "Silk Road" in modern times is the result of the erosion and destruction of this political construction.

关 键 词：“丝绸之路” 政治建构 文化线路 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]