性别视角下务农意愿差异比较及其影响因素研究——基于安徽省2073个样本  

Study on the difference of farming willingness and its influencing factors from the perspective of gender——based on 2073 samples from Anhui Province

作　　者：蔡弘 焦芳芳[2] 黄鹂[3] Cai Hong;Jiao Fangfang;Huang Li(School of Public Management,Anhui JianZhu University,Hefei 230601,China;College of Humanities and Development,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;School of Sociology and Political Science,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学公共管理学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]中国农业大学人文与发展学院,北京100083 [3]安徽大学社会与政治学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第4期30-40,共11页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(14BRK015);安徽建筑大学人才启动项目(2018QD21)

摘　　要：城镇化进程中出现的农业女性化现象将女性农民推向农业发展一线,而女性农民生产意愿问题却被长期忽视。利用安徽省8县15乡(镇)19个行政村的2073个有效样本,通过Logistics模型,围绕个体特征、家庭状况、农业决策、生产条件、外部环境等方面比较了务农意愿的性别差异。研究表明:1)年龄、健康状况、连续务农时长三个变量对两性务农意愿均有显著促进作用;2)女性农民务农意愿明显低于男性,对于农业生产成本、农业生产方式等变量的敏感性明显不如男性;3)土地流转具有显著的性别偏好,女性农民更倾向于流转耕地;4)虽然女性农民生产积极性较差,但她们对于生产决策权却表现出热切关注,以期破除农业生产中的技术性别隔离。在促进小农户与社会化服务相对接的小农经济现代化过程中,关注女性农民的劳动参与、经济贡献与性别价值,将性别意识融入新型职业农民培育体系与农业社会化服务体系之中,有效提升女性农民务农意愿、务农能力与务农信心。The feminization of agriculture in the process of urbanization has pushed female farmers to the front line of agricultural development,while whether female farmers are willing to farm or not has been ignored for a long time.This study used 2073 samples from 19 administrative villages in 15 townships (towns) in 8 counties of Anhui Province.Through the Logistics model,the gender differences in farmers' willingness are compared around individual characteristics,family status,agricultural decision-making,production conditions,and external environment.The following research results were obtained.First,the three variables of age,health status,and duration of continuous farming have significantly promoted the willingness of both sexes.Second,the willingness of women farmers to farm agriculture is significantly lower than that of men,and the sensitivity to variables such as agricultural production costs and agricultural production methods is obviously inferior to that of men.Third,land transfer has significant gender preferences,and female farmers prefer to transfer to cultivated land.Fourth,although female farmers are less active in farming,they show keen concern for the decision-making power of production in order to break the technical gender segregation in agricultural production.The policy implications of the study are as follows.First,in the process of the modernization of small-scale peasant economy,which connects small-scale peasant households with socialized services,it is necessary to pay attention to the labor participation,economic contribution and gender value of female farmers.Second,actively integrate gender awareness into the new professional farmers' cultivation system and the socialized service system of agriculture.Third,effectively improve the willingness of women farmers to farm,the ability to farm and the confidence of farming.

关 键 词：农业女性化 务农意愿 性别差异 性别意识 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]