SPF鸡和商品蛋鸡粪便菌群及大肠杆菌抗药性的比较分析  

Comparative analysis of the fecal microbiota and Escherichia coli antibiotic resistance in specific-pathogen-free(SPF)and commercial layer chickens

作　　者：朱见深 王曦 张印[1] 王怀中[1] 张庆[1] 骆延波[1] 李璐璐[1] 胡明[1] 戴美学[3] 刘玉庆[1,2,3] 齐静 ZHU Jianshen;WANG Xi;ZHANG Yin;WANG Huaizhong;ZHANG Qing;LUO Yanbo;LI Lulu;HU Ming;DAI Meixue;LIU Yuqing;QI Jing(Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]山东大学生命科学学院,山东济南250100 [3]山东师范大学生命科学学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《家禽科学》2019年第5期3-10,共8页Poultry Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31672609);中国国家留学基金(CSC NO.201909370004);山东省政府公派出国留学项目(No.201802018);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2017A01,CXGC2018E10);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(家禽及涉牧人员共患病原菌的抗药性监测与控制技术研究)

摘　　要：通过粪菌移植可以调节肠道菌群的组成,已成为降低肠道菌群抗药性的方法之一,而筛选合适的粪菌移植供体尤为重要。本研究利用16SrRNA基因高通量测序技术分析了两种候选供体SPF鸡和商品蛋鸡在不同养殖模式下5个不同日龄粪便菌群的组成,并利用药物敏感性试验比较了粪便中大肠杆菌的抗药性水平。结果表明,两种蛋鸡粪便菌群的丰富度都表现出随日龄增加而增加的趋势,其中商品蛋鸡粪便菌群的种类更加丰富,而SPF鸡粪便菌群的组成更加均一。在门水平上,SPF鸡拥有更多的厚壁菌门细菌,而商品蛋鸡含有更多的变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门细菌。在属水平上,两种蛋鸡粪便中的优势菌均为乳酸杆菌属和埃希氏-志贺氏菌属,其中SPF鸡存在更多的乳酸菌属和隐秘杆菌属,而商品蛋鸡含有更多的拟杆菌属、假单胞菌属、不动杆菌属、梭菌属、链球菌属和克雷伯菌属。药敏试验结果表明,SPF鸡粪便中大肠杆菌对抗生素的抗药率、多重抗药性比例和最低抑菌浓度(MIC)的频率分布均显著低于商品蛋鸡。该结果深入分析了两种养殖模式下不同日龄蛋鸡的粪便菌群,结合粪便中大肠杆菌抗药性水平的比较分析,进一步表明SPF鸡粪便菌群更加安全、敏感,可以作为粪菌移植的供体用于降低肠道菌群的抗药性。Modulating microbiota with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel way to reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in chicken husbandry. However, optimal fecal microbiota donors are required for effective FMT.Here,we performed a 16S rRNA gene sequencing study to analyze the fecal microbiota composition of two candidate donors,specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens and commercial layer chickens (COM) exposed to different rearing environments at five different time-points. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed to determine the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli (E.coli) isolated from the feces of the two types of chickens. The results showed that the composition of the fecal microbiota of both laying hens showed an increasing trend with increasing age, and the commercial layer chickens possessed more richness microbiota than SPF layer chickens, while SPF layer chickens harbored a more uniform microbiota community. In relation to phylum composition, SPF layer chickens possessed a greater abundance of Firmicutes, while commercial layer chickens possessed more Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, the dominant genera in both kinds of layer chickens were Lactobacillus, Escheria-Shigella.However,there was higher relative abundance in genus Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium in SPF Group,while COM group possessed higher relative abundance in genus Bacteroides, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Clostridium,Streptococcus and Klebsiella. AST showed that the E. coli isolated from commercial chicken feces had a high antibiotic resistance, multi- drug resistance ratio and minimum inhibitory concentration frequency distribution than the E.coli isolated from SPF chickens. This study deeply analyzed the differences in fecal microbiota of two different chickens at different ages. Combined with the comparison of E. coli antibiotic resistance, we believed that SPF chickens might be appropriate donors of fecal material for use in FMT to reduce AMR in the chicken industry.

关 键 词：SPF鸡 商品蛋鸡 粪便菌群 抗药性 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]