我国博物馆免费开放政策实施十年的回顾与检视  

Review and Evaluation of the Implement of Museum Policy for Free in China During the Past Ten Years

作　　者：彭雷霆[1] 皮彦芳 PENG Leiting;PI Yanfang

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国家文化发展研究院

出　　处：《领导科学论坛》2019年第7期39-53,共15页The Forum of Leadership Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“公共文化服务体系建设和运行中的财政保障标准与保障方式研究”(13ZD04);武汉大学青年学术团队建设项目“公共文化空间机制设计研究”(413000006)

摘　　要：文章根据《关于全国博物馆、纪念馆免费开放的通知》和相关文献构建博物馆免费开放政策预期理论模型,以相关连续性统计数据为基础,对照该模型从整体进展、观众参与、场馆建设三个维度对我国博物馆免费开放政策的实际效果进行实证检验。结果显示,当前我国博物馆免费开放政策虽在一定程度上实现了吸引公众参观博物馆且充分发挥博物馆教育、服务、交流功能的目标,但若需该项政策能持续发挥效用、进一步提高博物馆服务效能,则仍存在不少可供优化之处。这主要是因为当前的博物馆免费开放政策简单化了免购门票和参观人次增长之间的关系,同时未充分实现场馆财务升级和服务升级间的互动。基于此,文章提出博物馆免费开放政策修正模型及相关建议。According to the “Notice of Free Opening of National Museums and Memorials” and relevant literature,a theoretical model of museum free opening policy is constructed.Based on the relevant continuous statistical data,this model is used to test the actual effect of the policy from the three aspects of the overall progress,the audience participation and the construction of the stadiums.The results show that although the free opening policy of museums in China has achieved the goal of attracting the public to visit museums to a certain extent,giving full play to the functions of education,service and communication of museums,there are still many aspects to be optimized if the policy can continue to play its role and further improve the efficiency of museum services.This is mainly because it focuses on the price of the visit,but neglects the importance of strengthening the attraction of the museum by providing better services.So the great difference in service ability leads to a great gap between the visitors flowrate in museums of different levels.Thus,a revised model and some relevant suggestions are given.

关 键 词：博物馆 免费开放 政策 评估 服务升级 

分 类 号：G269[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]