爆炸烟云扩散的时空分布模型及特性  

Temporal and spatial distribution models of explosive cloud diffusion and their characteristics

作　　者：段中山 过惠平 冯孝杰 罗昆升 袁伟 DUAN Zhongshan;GUO Huiping;FENG Xiaojie;LUO Kunsheng;YUAN Wei(School of Nuclear Engineering, Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi’an 710025, Shaanxi, China;Army Service University, Chongqing 401331, China;Institute of Rocket Force, Beijing 100085, China)

机构地区：[1]火箭军工程大学核工程学院,陕西西安710025 [2]陆军勤务学院,重庆401331 [3]火箭军研究院,北京100085

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2019年第5期82-89,共8页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家863工程计划(2012AA063501);军队装备预先研究(426040302)

摘　　要：针对爆炸烟云扩散的时空分布问题,在严格限定实验条件的前提下,设计并开展了不同当量、不同地面条件、不同炸药装置壳体厚度的3组TNT爆炸烟云扩散外场实验,获得了不同实验条件下烟云扩散时空分布数据,运用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)对爆炸烟云的扩散过程进行了数值模拟。通过分析实验和数值模拟获取的烟云时空分布数据,得到了烟云扩散形态演变过程及浮力流场信息,确定了厚水泥地面条件和硬质地面条件下不同的爆炸烟云扩散高度分布模型。研究结果表明:采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法来表征烟云时空分布模型是科学可行的,爆炸烟云高度随时间呈1/2次幂函数增长,烟云宽度短时间内几乎呈线性扩展,烟云温度随时间呈反比例函数衰减,爆轰地面条件和炸药装置壳体厚度对烟云扩散高度均有不同程度的影响。In order to solve the problem of temporal and spatial distribution of explosive clouds, three groups of TNT explosion cloud field experiments were designed and carried out under the premise of strictly restricting the explosion conditions. The experiments obtained the spatiotemporal distribution of cloud under different experimental conditions. The diffusion process of the explosive cloud was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). By analyzing the space-time distribution data from the cloud experiments and simulations, the evolution process of the cloud and the information of the buoyancy flow field were obtained, and the diffusion height distribution models of different clouds were determined under the conditions of thick cement floor and hard ground. The results show that the combination of experiment and simulation can be used to characterize the spatial and temporal distribution model of the cloud. The cloud height of the explosion increases by 1/2 power function with time. The cloud width increases linearly with time in a short time. The temperature of the cloud attenuates in inverse proportion to time. The ground conditions for the detonation, and the shell thickness of the explosive device can affect the diffusion height of the explosive cloud in different degrees.

关 键 词：TNT 爆炸 烟云扩散 计算流体力学 时空分布 

分 类 号：O381[理学—流体力学] O354.7[理学—力学]