磷肥类型及其对土壤植物磷镉交互作用的影响  

Types of phosphorus fertilizers and their influences on cadmium and phosphorus interactions in soil-plant systems

作　　者：王永壮 彭文凤 陈荣英 钟韵 钟振璇 农月丹 罗剑巧 张新英 ANG Yongzhuang;PENG Wenfeng;CHEN Rongying;ZHONG Yun;ZHONG Zhenxuan;NONG Yuedan;LUO Jianqiao;ZHANG Xinying(Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf,Ministry of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Nanning 530001,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Ministry of Education,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,China;College of Environment and Life Science,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范学院北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [2]南宁师范学院广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [3]南宁师范学院环境与生命科学学院,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2019年第2期139-149,共11页Soils and Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601322;41761099);广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFAA281265;2016GXNSFBA380042);广西教育厅中青年教师基础能力提升项目(KY2016YB279)

摘　　要：农业生产中施用的磷肥与土壤镉之间相互作用影响着土壤镉的有效性,使镉在土壤-植物系统中的迁移、转化规律发生重大改变。近些年,利用磷肥调控土壤镉有效性和植物吸收镉的可行性研究已成为热点问题之一。本文结合国内外已有研究,系统总结了不同类型磷肥对土壤镉有效性与植物吸收镉的调控效果及其作用机制,并通过对比磷肥添加前后土壤各形态镉的变化,探讨了磷肥对土壤镉的调控机制。磷肥对土壤镉有效性与植物吸收镉的调控效果受磷肥类型、施用量和土壤类型等因素影响,但磷肥化学性质的差异及其对土壤理化性质的改变是影响调控效果的主要原因。未来研究应关注不同类型磷肥与特定类型土壤镉交互作用的田间试验研究,并考虑施用磷肥调控土壤-植物系统镉化学行为带来的磷淋失风险问题,进一步探索不同类型磷肥对土壤-植物系统镉化学行为的影响机制。The interactions between phosphate fertilizers in agricultural production and cadmium in soil affect the bioavailability of cadmium in soils,causing changes in the movement and transformation of cadmium in soil-plant systems.In recent years,feasibility study concerning cadmium availability in soils and cadmium uptake by plants regulated by phosphorus fertilizers has been a research hotspot.This paper reviewed the recent researches about the regulation effects of phosphate fertilizers on cadmium availability in soils and cadmium uptake by plants,as well as the regulation mechanisms by comparing the changes of cadmium forms before and after the application of phosphorus fertilizers.The effects of phosphate fertilizers on soil cadmium availability and cadmium uptake by plants were influenced by phosphorus fertilizer type,application level and soil type.However,the differences in phosphate fertilizer properties and the changes in soil physical-chemical properties were the main reasons for the regulation effects of soil cadmium.Future studies should focus on the interactions of field trials between phosphorus fertilizers and cadmium in soil-plant system.In addition,more studies should emphasize on the risk of phosphorus leaching and the regulation mechanisms of soil cadmium with the application of phosphate fertilizers.

关 键 词：磷肥 土壤重金属污染 镉有效性 镉形态 调控机制 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]