面向低污快速脱毛的牛皮浸水工艺的设计优化  

Design and optimization of cow hide soaking technology facing low pollution and quickly unhairing

作　　者：刘萌 郭松 但卫华[3] 但年华[3] 徐佳煜 LIU Meng;GUO Song;DAN Weihua;DAN Nianhua;XU Jiayu(Chemical Defense College of PLA Army,Beijing 102205,China;China Leather&FootwearResearch Institute Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100015,China;National Engineering Laboratory forClean Technology of Leather Manufacture,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军陆军防化学院,北京102205 [2]中国皮革制鞋研究院有限公司,北京100015 [3]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《中国皮革》2019年第5期1-10,共10页China Leather

摘　　要：综合利用扫描电镜(SEM)、体视显微镜、组织学观察、BOD5、COD、总氮、总碳、氨氮、羟脯氨酸、收缩温度、物理机械性能、感官性能等多种检测手段,采取"逐一比较新方法"等比较方法,对于多种浸水方案进行设计优化,发现高pH浸水工艺安全性很高,坯革粒面完整、清晰,对纤维起到了一定的预分散作用,对弹性纤维起到了一定的预水解作用,坯革的理化性能、物理机械性能符合QB/T2710-2005,感官性能良好,该技术产生的废液污染负荷较低,与常规浸水相当,预脱毛效果显著.Different soaking schemes were compared and analyzed and the high pH soaking technology was got finally.Scanning electron microscope,stereoscopic microscope,histological observation were used.BOD5,COD,total carbon,total azote,hydroxyproline(Hyp),shrinkage temperature,physical and mechanical properties and sensory properties were detected." The new method of comparing one by one" was used.The high pH soaking technology has high safety.Grain of leather using this technology is clean and full.Collagen fibers are dispersed and elastic fibers are hydrolyzed.The physical-mechanical properties of leather fit industrial standard QB IT 2710-2005.The sensory properties of leather are good and pollution load of this soaking technology is also very low.The most important effect is that this soaking technology has pretreatment effect to unhairing.

关 键 词：高pH浸水 脱毛预处理 低污 快速脱毛 清洁化工艺 

分 类 号：TS54[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]