基于动态规划的液力机械自动变速传动(HMPRT)自动换档控制策略  

Gearshift Strategy for HMPRT Base on Dynamic Programming

作　　者：尤勇 孙冬野[1] 刘俊龙 秦大同[1] YOU Yong;SUN Dongye;LIU Junlong;QIN Datong(The State Key Lab of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2019年第8期106-117,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51875055);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2014CB046304)资助项目

摘　　要：针对外界负载变化比较剧烈的轮式装载机等工程车辆采用传统液力机械自动变速器时,面临着效率偏低、油耗较大的问题,提出在轮式装载机上应用新型回流式液力机械自动变速传动(Hydraulicmechanicalpowerrefluxtransmission,HMPRT)系统。装载机需要通过换档来适应复杂的作业要求,所以结合HMPRT调速特性制定基本换档规律。考虑到装载机等工程车辆常在已知典型的工况下进行作业,同时为避免基本换档规律的动力性和经济性模式的来回切换,降低驾驶员的工作量,采用动态规划建立HMPRT换档规律的优化设计方法。该方法首先根据装载机常用作业工况的特点及HMPRT的换档特性,确定DP控制参数,以燃油消耗作为代价函数,并且增加惩罚函数,用来避免产生频繁换档现象。研究结果表明,采用动态规划提出的换档规律时,与最佳动力性换档规律相比燃油消耗降低3.5%,与最佳经济性换档规律相比换档次数减少33.3%。综合考虑了典型作业工况,在保证动力性和经济性的同时,避免了频繁换档。The external load of engineering vehicles such as wheeled loaders changes dramatically, traditional hydraulic mechanical automatic transmission is generally used, but it faces the problems of low efficiency and high fuel consumption. Therefore, a new type of hydraulic mechanical power reflux transmission system is proposed to apply to wheeled loaders. Because loaders need to adapt to complex operation requirements by shifting, the basic shift strategies are formulated according to the speed regulation characteristics of HMPRT. Considering that loaders and other engineering vehicles often work under the known typical working conditions, in order to avoid the back-and-forth switching of the dynamic and economic modes of the basic shift strategies and reduce the driver's workload, an optimal design method of the shift strategy of HMPRT is established by using dynamic programming(DP). First, according to the traits of the working condition of the loader and the gearshift characteristic of HMPRT, the DP control parameters are determined. The fuel consumption is used as cost function, and a penalty function is added to avoid frequent gearshift phenomenon. The research results indicate that the proposed DP shift strategy has good performance:the fuel consumption is reduced by 3.5% compared with the optimal dynamic shift strategy and the shift times are reduced by 33.3% compared with the optimal economic shift strategy. Considering the typical working conditions comprehensively, the frequent shifting is avoided while the power and economy are guaranteed.

关 键 词：回流式液力机械传动系统 换档规律 动态规划 燃油经济性 速比 

分 类 号：TH132[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]