繁华城区超大型基坑精细化控制爆破技术研究  

Research on Fine Control Blasting Technology for Super-large Foundation Pit in Downtown Area

作　　者：葛强[1] Ge Qiang(China Railway 17^th Bureau Group Co. Ltd., Taiyuan Shanxi 030006 , China)

机构地区：[1]中铁十七局集团有限公司

出　　处：《铁道建筑技术》2019年第4期113-118,共6页Railway Construction Technology

基　　金：中铁十七局集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2013-71)

摘　　要：市区深基坑土石方爆破要综合考虑爆破对基坑、边坡、地面建筑物的振动影响,比单纯的地下爆破或地面建筑物爆破振动影响复杂。针对深基坑爆破对城市周边环境的振动效应进行系统深入的分析,探讨爆破振动的衰减规律,并提出有效的爆破振动、飞石、空气冲击波等有害效应的控制措施,是复杂环境下深基坑爆破开挖亟需解决的问题以重庆沙坪坝铁路枢纽综合改造工程站东路基坑土石方爆破为背景,总结了繁华城区复杂环境下的精细化控制爆破技术。基于工程特点,选用数码电子雷管爆破,通过精细控制爆破参数,结合合理的开挖顺序、爆破网络设计,取得良好爆破效果的同时极大地缩短了工期.通过利用分析现场监测数据所得出的该场地条件下的地震波传播规律来指导现场施工。其经验可供类似工程参考。The influence of blasting on the vibration of foundation pit, slope and ground buildings should be considered comprehensively in earth-rock blasting of deep foundation pit in urban area, which is more complex than that of simple underground blasting or ground building blasting. In this paper, the vibration effect of deep foundation pit blasting on the surrounding environment of city was analyzed systematically and deeply, and the attenuation law of blasting vibration was discussed. At the same time, the effective control measures of harmful effects such as blasting vibration, flying rocks and air shock wave were put forward, which were the urgent problems to be solved in the blasting excavation of deep foundation pit under complex environment. Based on the earth-rock blasting of the East Road Foundation Pit of Shapingba Railway Complex Reconstruction Project Station in Chongqing, the fine controlled blasting technology in complex environment of busy urban area was summarized. In light of the engineering characteristics, the digital electronic detonator blasting was selected. By fine control of blasting parameters, reasonable excavation sequence and blasting network design, good blasting effect was achieved and the time limit was greatly shortened. The seismic wave propagation law obtained from the analysis of the site monitoring data was used to guide the construction. Its experience could provide reference for similar projects.

关 键 词：基坑工程 控制爆破 数码电子雷管 爆破振动 城区复杂环境 

分 类 号：TU751.9[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]