动力电池串并联结构重组的均衡充电方法  

Balanced charging method of power batteries with reconstructed series-parallel structure

作　　者：郭杰 王小鹏[1] 孙春霞[1] 吴作鹏 GUO Jie;WANG Xiaopeng;SUN Chunxia;WU Zuopeng(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学电子与信息工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《电力自动化设备》2019年第5期163-168,共6页Electric Power Automation Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61761027)~~

摘　　要：动力电池一般是将单体电池相互串联进行充电,由于工艺误差,导致各单体充电不均衡,从而影响电池的性能和使用寿命。为此,提出了一种串并联结构重组的均衡充电方法。充电开始时,采集各单体的端电压,将端电压最大和最小的单体进行并联,再将剩余单体中端电压最大和最小的电池进行并联,依此类推,将所有的并联组合进行串联;在充电过程中,实时采集各单体端电压并控制重组模块和外围开关管,动态地将电池组按上述方式进行串并联,从而实现电池的低损耗快速均衡充电。仿真实验结果表明所提方法能够使电池实现均衡充电,并且能将电池电压极差减小到1 mV以下。Power batteries are generally charged by connecting single cells in series. Due to the process error, the charging of each cell is unbalanced, which affects the performance and service life of the batteries. Therefore, a ba-lanced charging method of power batteries with reconstructed series-parallel structure is proposed. At the beginning of charging, the terminal voltage of each cell is collected, the cells respectively with maximum and minimum terminal voltages are connected in parallel, then the ones respectively with maximum and minimum terminal voltages in the remaining cells are connected in parallel, and so on, finally all the parallel combinations are connected in series. In the process of charging, the terminal voltage of each cell is collected real-timely to control the reconstructed modules and peripheral switches, thus the cells are connected in series and parallel dynamically according to above method, so as to realize low-loss and fast balanced charging of the batteries. Simulative results show that the proposed method can realize balanced charging among batteries and reduce the voltage range of batteries to less than 1 mV.

关 键 词：动力电池 均衡充电 串并联结构重组 实时动态切换 低损耗快速充电 电压极差 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]