新生儿细菌感染性疾病的病原菌检出情况及耐药分析  

Detection and drug resistance analysis of pathogens of neonatal bacterial infectious diseases

作　　者：刘倩[1] 张磊[1] Liu Qian;Zhang Lei(Department of Pediatrics, Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zaozhuang 277100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省枣庄市妇幼保健院儿科,277100

出　　处：《中国实用医刊》2019年第7期49-51,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析新生儿细菌感染性疾病的病原菌分布及药敏情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法选择2015年11月至2018年6月枣庄市妇幼保健院收治的180例细菌感染性疾病新生儿,采集新生儿脐部和咽拭子分泌物、血液、痰液为标本,进行病原菌培养、鉴定、药敏试验,对其结果进行统计分析。结果送检的180份感染标本中共培养出230株细菌,其中革兰阴性菌118株(51.30%),以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌为主;革兰阳性菌112例(48.70%),以金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌为主。革兰阴性菌对庆大霉素、头孢曲松、头孢哌酮、磺胺甲口恶唑/甲氧苄啶、环丙沙星、加替沙星、头孢西丁、哌拉西林、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦等药物普遍存在较高的耐药性,对阿米卡星、亚胺培南耐药性较低;革兰阳性菌对青霉素、克林霉素、磺胺甲口恶唑/甲氧苄啶、红霉素、苯唑西林、诺氟沙星等药物普遍存在较高的耐药性,对利奈唑胺、替考拉宁、万古霉素、利福平耐药性极低。结论金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌是诱发新生儿细菌感染性疾病的主要病原菌,临床可根据病原菌药敏试验结果合理选用治疗药物。Objective To analyze the distribution of pathogens and drug sensitivity of neonatal bacterial infectious diseases, so as to provide a basis for rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice. Methods A total of 180 neonates with bacterial infectious diseases admitted to Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from November 2015 to June 2018 were selected. The umbilical cord and pharyngeal swab secretions, blood and sputum samples of neonates were taken as samples for pathogen culture, identification and drug susceptibility testing. And the results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 230 strains of bacteria were cultured from 180 infected specimens, among which 118 strains (51.30%) were gram-negative bacteria, with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae as the main types. A total of 112 cases were gram-positive bacteria (48.70%), with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis as the main types. Gram-negative bacteria generally had a high resistance to gentamicin, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, cefoxitin, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam and other drugs, and they had a low resistance to amikacin and imipenem. Gram-positive bacteria generally had a high resistance to penicillin, clindamycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, erythromycin, oxacillin, norfloxacin and other drugs, and they had a very low resistance to linazolamide, tekalanine, vancomycin and rifampicin. Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the main pathogens of neonatal bacterial infectious diseases.

关 键 词：新生儿 细菌感染性疾病 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R722.13[医药卫生—儿科] R446.5[医药卫生—临床医学]