苏打盐碱水稻节水下土壤元素变化与产量关系的探讨  

Study on the Relationship between Soil Element Change and Yield of Soda Saline-Alkali Paddy under Water-saving Condition

作　　者：徐惠风[1] 余洪滨 钟宁 刘忠利 王淑琴[3] 丁宝成 孙雪松 张红 李琳琳 胡铁欣 Xu Huifeng;Yu Hongbin;Zhong Ning;Liu Zhongli;Wang Shuqin;Ding Baocheng;Sun Xuesong;Zhang Hong;Li Linlin;Hu Tiexin(College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,130118;Institute of Rice Research,Shuangliao City,Shuangliao,136400;Huadian Agricultural Technology Promotion Station in Jilin Province,Huadian,132400)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省双辽市水稻研究所,双辽136400 [3]吉林省桦甸市农业技术推广站,桦甸132400

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第8期2735-2741,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重点攻关项目(20150204012NY; 20130206072NY);吉林省教育厅(JJKH20170312KJ)共同资助

摘　　要：通过对苏打盐碱土栽培水稻节水处理获得水稻产量及收获后土壤氮磷钾指标测定,结果得知:收获期土壤中全氮(TN)是处理4最高,全钾(TK)是处理1最高,全磷(TP)是处理3最低;速氮(AN)、速磷(AP)、速钾(AK)是处理1最高;处理2的产量最高,说明分蘖期节水在苏打盐碱地有利于土壤氮磷钾的吸收和运转。各处理的土壤全氮磷与产量均不显著相关,处理3与全磷显著性相关,处理1与全钾、处理3与速钾显著相关,说明节水对水稻各时期吸收氮磷钾及运转有重要的影响。处理2 (分蘖期)节水期与节水量(1.5 cm)是苏打盐碱地栽培水稻高产的节水处理。本研究在松嫩平原盐碱地节水栽培水稻试验中对不同节水的土壤性质的变化营养元素与产量之间的相关性进行分析,对水稻生态节水高产栽培高产理论技术研究具有重大意义。The yield of paddy and the determination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil after harvest were obtained by the water saving treatment of paddy cultivated in soda saline-alkali soil. The result showed that in the harvest period, the total nitrogen was the highest in treatment 4, the total potassium was the highest in treatment 1, and the total phosphorus was the lowest in treatment 3. Fast nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were the highest in treatment 1. The yield of treatment 2 was the highest, indicating that water saving at paddy tillering stage was beneficial to the absorption and transportation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soda saline-alkali soil. There was no significant correlation between soil total nitrogen and phosphorus and yield. Treatment 3 was significantly related to total phosphorus, treatment 1 was significantly related to total potassium, and treatment 3 was significantly related to fast potassium, implying that water saving had an important effect on the absorption of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium and its transport in paddy at different stages. The water saving period and water saving amount(1.5 cm) of treatment 2(tillering stage) were the water saving treatments for high yield of paddy cultivated in soda saline-alkali land. In this study, the relationship between the nutrient elements and the yield of different water-saving soil properties was analyzed in the experiment of water saving cultivation in the saline alkali land of Songnen Plain, which would be of great significance to the theoretical and technological research on high yield cultivation of rice ecological water saving and high yield cultivation.

关 键 词：苏打盐碱 水稻节水 土壤元素变化 产量相关性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S153