2017年北京市海淀区肠道病毒引起的聚集性发热疫情流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of four clustered fever epidemics caused by enterovirus in Haidian district of Beijing in 2017

作　　者：华伟玉[1] 焦扬[2] 刘锋[3] Hua Weiyu;Jiao Yang;Liu Feng(Department of School Hygiene, Haidian District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100094, China;Health Education Branch, Haidian District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100094, China;Infectious Diseases and Endemic Control Section, Haidian District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100094, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,100094 [2]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心健康教育科,100094 [3]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制科,100094

出　　处：《国际病毒学杂志》2019年第2期132-134,共3页International Journal of Virology

摘　　要：目的分析北京市海淀区2017年发生的4起肠道病毒引起的聚集性发热疫情的流行病学特征。方法收集4起肠道病毒引起的聚集性发热疫情的现场流行病学调查资料(包括病例基本情况、发病及就诊过程和流行病学史,以及发生疫情的现场概况和聚集性活动情况)和实验室检测资料(包括肠道病毒检测和病毒分型结果)。采用x2检验比较聚集性发热疫情罹患率的差异。结果4起疫情累计报告病例62例,病例年龄的中位数(P25,P75)为5(5,10)岁,疫情均发生在9月份,其中小学和托幼机构各报告2起,罹患率分别为35.8%(29/81)和44.7%(33/74);男生和女生的罹患率分别为52.2%(36/69)和30.2%(26/86),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=7.68,P=0.006)。病例主要症状以发热(98.4%,61/62)和咽痛(51.6%,32/62)为主。共采集病例咽拭子标本33份,检出核酸阳性标本21份,阳性率为63.6%。其中科萨奇病毒A6型阳性19份,占90.5%;肠道病毒阳性2份,占9.5%。结论肠道病毒可以引起急性呼吸道感染,应高度重视肠道病毒所致聚集性发热疫情,严格落实各项防控措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 4 clustered fever epidemics caused by enterovirus in Haidian district of Beijing in 2017. Methods Field epidemiological investigation data of 4 clustered fever epidemics caused by enterovirus (including the basic information of patients, courses of onset, hospital visits and contact histories, as well as the scenes of the outbreaks and cluster activities) as well as laboratory testing data (including results of enterovirus detection and genotyping). Chi-sequare test was used to compare the attack rates of the clustered fever epidemics. Results A total of 62 cases were reported accumulatively. The median age of cases (P25, P75) was 5 (5, 10) years old. All epidemics occurred in September. Each two events were reported in primary schools and in child-care institutions, respectively. The attack rates were 35.8%(29/81) and 44.7%(33/74), respectively. The attack rates of boys and girls were 52.2%(36/69) and 30.2%(26/86), respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ^2=7.68, P=0.006). The main symptoms of the cases were fever (98.4%, 61/62) and pharyngias (51.6%, 32/62). A total of 33 throat swabs were collected and 21 nucleic acid positive specimens were found, with a positive rate of 63.6%. Of the positive samples, 19 (90.5%) were positive for coxsackievirus A6 and 2 (9.5%) were positive for enterovirus. Conclusion Enterovirus can cause acute respiratory tract infections. Clustered fever epidemic caused by enteroviruses should be highly concerned, and the prevention and control measures should be strictly implemented.

关 键 词：肠道病毒属 发热 流行病学 聚集性 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]