大庆长垣油田断层阴影地震正演模拟及校正方法  

Seismic forward modeling for correction of fault shadow zones in Changyuan Oilfield,Daqing

作　　者：姜岩[1] 程顺国[1] 王元波[1] 李操[1] JIANG Yan;CHENG Shunguo;WANG Yuanho;LI Cao(Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Daqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163712, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2019年第2期320-329,I0007,共11页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"大庆长垣特高含水油田提高采收率示范工程"(2016ZX05054)资助

摘　　要：大庆长垣油田大断层下盘在地震剖面上普遍存在三角形的断层阴影区,其地震反射同相轴呈"上拉"或"下拉"、并伴随反射同相轴错断,导致利用地震资料进行断层、微幅度构造解释时存在陷阱。采用地震正演模拟技术,根据研究区实际地质情况建立了一系列二维地震正演模型,尝试定量分析断层阴影区地震反射特征。研究结果认为:断层两侧地层速度的横向变化是导致断层下盘断层阴影的根本原因,其中断层断距、低速层的存在等是长垣油田断层阴影区的主要影响因素;并进一步提出了密井网开发区利用三维空变速度场时深转换技术进行断层阴影校正的思路和方法,显著提高了大断层附近构造解释精度,为长垣油田更有效开发提供技术支撑。The footwall of large faults in Changyuan Oilfield,Daqing shows a triangular fault shadow zone on seismic sections.Seismic events of the shadow zones are often pulled up,pulled down,or uncontinuous,which lead to agreat structural interpretation uncertainty.In order to quantitatively analyze characteristics of the fault shadow zone,a series of 2 Dforward models are built based on the geological information of the study area.According to our research,the fault shadow zones are caused by lateral velocity changes on both sides of faults,and fault throws and low velocity zones are the main influence factors of the fault shadow zone.The 3 Dspace-variant velocity field is proposed to correct the fault shadow in dense well patterns,which improves effectively structural interpretation nearby the large fault and provides technical support for the future development of Changyuan Oilfield.

关 键 词：断层阴影 断层断距 低速层 长垣油田 密井网开发区 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]