太原周边农田雨季硫氮湿沉降特征  

Characteristics of Sulfur-nitrogen Wet Deposition in Farmland around Taiyuan during Rainy Season

作　　者：梁亚宇 宋志辉[2] 李丽君 白光洁 吕薇 刘平 LIANG Yayu;SONG Zhihui;LI Lijun;BAI Guangjie;LV Wei;LIU Ping(College of Biological Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Monitoring Station of Xinghualing Branch Bureau of Taiyuan Environmental Protection Bureau, Taiyuan 030009,China;Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生物工程学院,山西太原030006 [2]太原市环保局杏花岭分局监测站,山西太原030009 [3]山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所山西省土壤环境与养分资源重点实验室,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2019年第5期880-884,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省财政支农项目(2015ZZCX-13;2016ZZX-13);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2016-133);山西省留学回国人员科技活动项目择优资助项目

摘　　要：为了解太原市周边典型农田区大气氮硫元素的沉降特征及其来源,于2016年6—10月在山西省农业科学院东阳试验基地进行了湿沉降监测。结果表明,降水中SO42-S,NH4+-N,NO3--N的加权平均质量浓度分别是11.84,2.72,0.85 mg/L,沉降量分别是34.50,7.93,2.47 kg/hm2,SO42--S沉降量分别是NH4+-N,NO3--N的4.3倍和14倍,硫沉降占总沉降的77%,无机氮占23%,无机氮沉降中NH4+-N所占比例较高;SO42--S与NO3--N的质量浓度和沉降量分别呈极显著和显著线性相关,相关系数分别为0.688和0.619,说明二者有相同的来源;降雨中SO42-/NO3-和NH4+/NO3-的加权平均浓度比值分别为13.94,3.20。该地酸雨类型主要是硫酸型,氮沉降以农业排放源为主;SO42--S和NO3--N沉降受周边交通运输及生活燃料燃烧等因素影响较大。高硫沉降对农田生态系统供给氮硫元素的作用不可忽视,也应引起有关环境部门的重视。To understand the sedimentation characteristics and sources of atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur in typical farmland areas around Taiyuan city, the reaserch on temporal variation of atmospheric N and S wet deposition were conducted form June to October in 2016, at Dongyang experimental base of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The results showed that the average concentrations of SO4^2--S, NH4^+-N and NO3^--N in precipitation were 11.84, 2.72, 0.85 mg/L, respectively, and the deposition rates were 34.50, 7.93, 2.47 kg/hm^2, respectively. The deposition rate of SO42--S was 4.3 times and 14 times that of NH4^+-N and NO3^--N, respectively. S deposition accounted for 77% of the total deposition, and inorganic nitrogen accounted for 23%, of which NH4+-N accounted for a high proportion. The concentration and deposition rate of SO4^2--S and NO3^--N were extremely significant and significantly linearly correlated, the correlation coefficients were 0.688 and 0.619, respectively, it showed that they had the same source. The concentration ratios of SO4^2--S/NO3^--N and NH4^+-N/NO3^--N were 13.93 and 3.20, which indicated the type of acid rain was mainly sulfuric acid type. In general, N deposition was mainly based on agricultural sources, and the deposition of SO4^2--S and NO3^--N was greatly affected by surrounding transportation and combustion of living fuel. High-sulfur deposition should be paid more attention to its effect on the supply of sulfur in farmland ecosystems. It should also arouse the attention of relevant environmental departments.

关 键 词：氮硫沉降 浓度 沉降量 降雨量 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]