收入不平等的比较研究——基于洛伦兹占优方法  

A Comparison Study of Income Inequality——From Lorenz Dominance

作　　者：沈华福 王海港[1] SHEN Huafu;WANG Haigang(School of Economics,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学经济学院,北京100081

出　　处：《经济与管理评论》2019年第3期24-36,共13页Review of Economy and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"收入流动性的规范分析"(14BJY213)

摘　　要：在Aaberge(2009)的二阶洛伦兹占优定义下,说明了Gini系数与二阶洛伦兹占优等阶,并提出了一个较为简单的判定二阶洛伦兹上(下)占优方法。根据不同时期低、中和高收入群体的收入增长幅度,得出决策者在改善社会不平等过程中的群体选择偏好。在此基础上,基于CHIP的城镇居民收入数据分析,表明2002年和2013年的洛伦兹曲线都二阶洛伦兹下占优于2008年。这说明决策者在前6年关注的是低高收入者而后5年则转变为中等收入群体。从长时间看,2013年一阶洛伦兹占优于2002年。这说明决策者在经济长期稳定发展过程中,更偏好于选择以增长低、中收入群体收入的模式来减少收入不平等。在性别分析中,女性的不平等与整体的不平等保持一致,女性的不平等变化可能是导致整个社会不平等变化的重要因素。最后,教育在不平等的变化中起着一个重要的因素。Based on the concept of the second Lorenz dominance from Aaberge(2009),we figure out that the Gini coefficient coincides with the second-degree Lorenz dominance and display a easier method of judging the second upward(downward)Lorenz dominance.According to the different income growth of low,median and high income groups during different periods,the selection preference of the decision-makers in the process of improving social inequality has been obtained.On this basis,the analysis of income data of urban residents based on CHIP shows both the 2002 and 2013 are second order Lorenz downward dominance to 2008,which suggests that decision-makers focus on low and high earners for the first six years and then the middle-income group for the next five years.From a long term view,2013 is the first-order to 2002,which suggests that the decision makers prefer to reduce income inequality by choosing to increase the income of the low-and-middle-income groups in the process of long-term stable economic development.In the gender analysis,women's inequality is consistent with the overall inequality,and the change of women's inequality may be an important factor that leads to the inequality of the whole society.Finally,education plays an important role in the change of inequality.

关 键 词：收入不平等 洛伦兹占优Gini系数 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济]