用于环境光催化的固载型ZnO纳米结构的研究进展  

Research Progress on Immobilized ZnO Nanostructures for Environmental Photocatalysis

作　　者：刘阳思 席晓丽 LIU Yangsi;XI Xiaoli(College of Material Science and Engineering,Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-Data Application Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院新型功能材料教育部重点实验室,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学工业大数据应用技术国家工程实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2019年第4期375-383,共9页Materials China

基　　金：工业大数据应用技术国家工程实验室建设项目(312000522303);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51621003;51702008);北京市教育委员会科技项目(KM201810005009)

摘　　要：光催化技术是解决当今环境污染问题的最有效途径之一。氧化锌(ZnO)作为一种重要的n型宽禁带半导体,不仅具有优异的光电性质,而且包含丰富的纳米结构,在光催化领域受到广泛关注。通常用作光催化剂的ZnO纳米材料是以粉体形式呈现,使用后需经过离心和过滤等回收工序,还容易造成二次污染。将ZnO纳米结构固定在可以移动的基底上,形成固载型的光催化剂,可以避免上述麻烦。从基本"结构单元"的维度的角度出发,综述了用于环境光催化的固载型ZnO纳米结构,包括零维、一维、二维和三维结构。零维结构主要是固定后的纳米颗粒,一维和二维结构分别以纳米棒和纳米片阵列为主,三维结构由低维度形态组合而成,大多形成复杂的分级结构。最后对固载型ZnO纳米结构在环境光催化的实际应用中所面临问题和挑战进行了展望。Photocatalysis is regarded as one of the most promising strategies to solve the current environmental pollution.Zinc oxide(ZnO),as an important n-type wide band gap semiconductor,not only has excellent photoelectric properties,but also contains rich nanostructures,which has attracted wide attention in the field of photocatalysis.Usually,ZnO nanomaterials used as photocatalysts are presented in the form of powders,which need to be recovered by centrifugation and filtration after use,and is liable to cause the secondary pollution.The above troubles can be avoided by fixing ZnO nanostructures on movable substrates to form immobilized photocatalysts.From the perspective of basic “structural unit” dimension,the immobilized ZnO nanostructures for environmental photocatalysis,including zero,one,two and three-dimensional structures,are reviewed.The zero-dimensional structure is mainly fixed nanoparticles.The one-dimensional and two-dimensional structures are mainly nanorods and nanosheet arrays,respectively.The three-dimensional structures are composed of low-dimensional morphologies,and most of them form complex hierarchical structures.Finally,the problems and challenges in the practical application of immobilized ZnO nanostructures in environmental photocatalysis are prospected.

关 键 词：氧化锌 固载化 纳米结构 环境 光催化 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]