红国光苹果拉枝和刻芽的树体整形效应  

Effects of Branch-bending and Bud-notching on Red Guoguang Apple

作　　者：于祎飞[1] 滕慧颖 刘雯斐 梁志涛[3] 张东风[1] 汉瑞峰[1] 宫英振[1] YU Yi-fei;TENG Hui-ying;LIU Wen-fei;LIANG Zhi-tao;ZHANG Dong-feng;HAN Rui-feng;GONG Ying-zhen(Hebei Academy of Forestry Sciences,Engineering and Technology Research Center of Excellent Forest Strains of Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050061,China;Semi-arid Agriculture Engineering & Technology Research Center of P.R.China;Huailai County Forestry Bureau,Huailai 075400,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省林业科学研究院河北省林木良种工程技术中心,河北石家庄050061 [2]国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心,河北石家庄050051 [3]怀来县林业局,河北怀来075400

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2019年第1期37-40,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(18237509D);河北省林业科学技术研究项目(1406454)

摘　　要：为阐明红国光苹果树体整形时拉枝和刻芽的效应,以国光苹果新品种红光2号为试材,研究了拉枝、刻芽对红国光苹果枝条萌芽、新梢生长以及成花的影响。结果表明:拉枝处理能极显著地提高红国光苹果幼树枝条萌芽率,抑制新梢生长,提高成龄树枝条成花率;刻芽处理能极显著地提高幼树枝条萌芽率。在45°～135°范围内,拉枝角度与新梢生长量呈极显著的线性负相关,与枝条成花率呈极显著的二次正相关。综合分析认为,红国光苹果树体整形时以135°拉枝+刻芽处理(先在秋季树体落叶前进行135°拉枝,待第2年树体萌芽前再进行刻芽)为宜。To clarify the effects of branch-bending and bud-notching on red Guoguang apple,taking new Guoguang variety Hongguang No.2 as the martial,the effects of branch-bending and bud-notching on the germination,shoot growth and flowering were studied.The results showed branch-bending could significantly increase the germination rate and inhibit the shoot growth of young trees,and increase the flowering rate of adult trees.Bud-notching could increase the germination rate of young trees.When the branch angle was 45°-135°,the branch angle was negatively correlated with the shoot growth,and was the secondary correlated with the flowering rate.It was suitable that bending at 135°before defoliation in autumn and notching before germination in the next year.

关 键 词：红国光 苹果 拉枝 刻芽 萌芽率 新梢生长量 成花率 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]