地震波逆时偏移中两种成像条件应用效果对比  

Comparison of the application effect of two imaging conditions in seismic wave reverse time migration

作　　者：宋宗平 陈可洋[2] 杨微 李来林[2] 吴清岭[2] 范兴才[2] SONG Zong-Ping;CHEN Ke-Yang;YANG Wei;LI Lai-Lin;WU Qing-Ling;FAN Xing-Cai(PetroChina Exploration Business Department of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Daqing 163453,China;PetroChina Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Daqing 163712,China;No. 6 Oil Production Company of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Daqing 163712,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探事业部,黑龙江大庆163453 [2]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [3]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司第六采油厂,黑龙江大庆163712

出　　处：《物探与化探》2019年第3期618-625,共8页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份公司重大科技专项"大庆油田原油4000万吨持续稳产关键技术研究"(2011E-1203)

摘　　要：成像条件是实现地震波场准确成像的关键环节,而优化逆时成像条件在改善逆时成像应用效果中的作用尤为明显。为此,从零井源距和非零井源距脉冲响应出发,系统对比了常规相关法逆时成像条件和基于行波分离法逆时成像条件的逆时偏移脉冲响应波场差异,分析了逆时偏移低波数噪声的成因机理及波场规律,同时以复杂断陷理论模型和SZ工区实际三维地震资料为例,系统对比了两种逆时成像条件的成像应用效果。研究结果表明,采用基于行波分离法逆时成像条件的成像结果能够有效衰减逆时偏移低波数背景噪声,恢复掩盖在这种背景噪声之下的有效地震成像信息,地层细节刻画更加清晰,这可为当前复杂波场和复杂构造高精度地震成像提供方法指导。Imaging condition is the key to realizing accurate imaging of seismic wave field,and optimizing reverse-time imaging condition is especially important in improving the application of reverse-time migration method.For this reason,based on the impulse response of zero offset and non-zero offset,this paper compares the reverse-time imaging condition based on one-way wave separation with conventional reverse-time imaging condition in detail.On the basis of the complex theory model and the real 3D seismic data of SZ working area,the imaging effects of two kinds of reverse-time imaging conditions are compared.The results show that the imaging results of the reverse-time imaging condition based on one-way wave separation can effectively attenuate the low wave number background noise,restore the effective seismic imaging information concealed under this background noise,and the stratigraphic details are characterized more clearly.These results can provide guidance for the high precision seismic imaging of complex wave fields and complex structures.

关 键 词：逆时偏移 成像条件 脉冲响应 理论模型 实际资料 低波数噪声 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]