4种植物源杀虫剂对枸杞棉蚜的防效试验  

Efficacy of four botanical pesticides against Aphis gossypii on wolfberry

作　　者：李秋荣[1,2,3] 李玮 闫佳会[1,2,3] 祁全梅 李富刚[4] LI Qiurong;LI Wei;YAN Jiahui;QI Quanmei;QI Quanmei(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;State Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining,Ministry of Agriculture, Xining 810016,China;Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management in Qinghai, Xining 810016,China;Meteorological Bureau of Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Delingha 817000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海西宁810016 [3]青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [4]海西蒙古族藏族自治州气象局,青海德令哈817000

出　　处：《青海大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第2期47-51,65,共6页Journal of Qinghai University(Natural Science)

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金(2017-ZJ-934Q);青海省农牧厅公益性服务试点项目;青海大学农林科学院创新基金(2016-NKY-03)

摘　　要：为筛选防治枸杞棉蚜的有效生物农药,降低化学农药使用量,本试验选择4种植物源杀虫剂:5%除虫菊素乳油、0.3%苦参碱水剂、1.5%除虫菊素水乳剂和6.0%鱼藤酮微乳剂,分别设置高、中、低3个浓度,以生产中常用化学杀虫剂25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂为对照药剂,喷雾防治枸杞棉蚜。结果表明:在4种植物源杀虫剂中,以0.3%苦参碱水剂对棉蚜的防效最佳,该药剂300倍和500倍液在药后7 d防效分别达77.14%,72.38%,与对照药剂无极显著差异,其他3种生物农药的高、中剂量对枸杞棉蚜亦具有较佳防效,且所有处理在试验剂量范围内均对作物安全。推荐在枸杞棉蚜发生初期轮流、交替使用,以降低农残、延缓甚至避免害虫抗性的产生。For screening of effective biological insecticides to prevent and control Aphis gossypii Glover on Chinese wolfberry,and reducing the use of chemical pesticides,four kinds of botanical pesticides including 5% pyrethrin emulsifiable concentrate(EC),0.3% matrine aqueous solution(AS),1.5% pyrethrin emulsion in water(EW) and 6.0% rotenone microemulsion(ME) were chosen,and the high,medium and low concentrations were set for each pesticide. The conventional chemical pesticide 25% thiamethoxam oxazine water dispersible granule(WDG) was used as a control to prevent Aphis gossypii by spraying. Test results showed that 0.3% matrine AS showed the best controlling efficiency. The efficacy of 300 and 500 times of the AS was 77.14% and 72.38% on the 7 th day after treatment,and there was no significant difference between the AS and the control treatment. The other botanical pesticides had better prevention effect at medium and high dose level. All treatment were safe for crop in the rang of experimental does.The four kinds of botanical pesticides can be used take turns,interchangeably at early stage of Aphis. gossypii,to reduce pesticide residues and delay or even avoid pest resistance.

关 键 词：枸杞 棉蚜 生物农药 植物源杀虫剂 防治效果 

分 类 号：S433.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]