苏州渭塘话“啥”的特殊用法  

The Special Usages of ■啥 in Weitang Dialect in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

作　　者：王健[1] 顾静 WANG Jian;GU Jing

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院,江苏常熟 [2]上海市民立中学,上海

出　　处：《方言》2019年第2期185-190,共6页Dialect

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学优秀创新团队“苏南吴方言与口头非物质文化遗产的调查与研究”(2017ZSTD015);2017年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“太湖流域民间信仰类文艺资源的调查和跨学科研究”(17ZDA167)的资助

摘　　要：苏州渭塘话疑问代词"啥"的意义和用法与普通话"什么"类似。另有一些特殊用法:(1)询问原因;(2)用作反预期话语标记;(3)用在祈使句中,加强祈使语气;(4)与"么"组成"么啥"用在陈述句句尾表示推测,用在疑问句句末表示疑问语气;(5)与动词"当"组成反叙实动词"当啥";(6)组成"啥叫啥"充当引语标记。渭塘话"啥"的这些用法在苏州市区话以及其他北部吴语中有时也可以见到。The meaning and usage of interrogative pronoun [sα■]啥 are similar to its counterpart shenme 什么 in Putonghua.The special usages include: 1) inquiring about the reason,2) serving as a counter-expectation discourse marker,3) enhancing the imperative mood,4) occurring as a morpheme in [m■■┤ sα■]么啥 which indicates inference at the end of a declarative sentence and indicates interrogative mood at the end of a question,5) occurring as a morpheme in the counter-factive verb [tα┤ sα■]当啥, 6) occurring as a morpheme in the quotation marker [sα■ t■i■┤ sα┤]啥叫啥.The usages above can sometimes be found in Suzhou dialect in the urban district or other dialects of northern Wu gourp.

关 键 词：吴语 苏州渭塘 啥 特殊用法 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]