基于两层协调模型的多级扬水灌区供水调配优化  

Optimization of Irrigation Water Regulation for Multi-stage Irrigation Pumping System Based on Two-level Coordination Model

作　　者：姜瑶 熊吕阳 姚付启[3] JIANG Yao;XIONG Lüyang;YAO Fuqi(College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Agricultural Water Conservancy Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430015,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [3]长江科学院农业水利研究所,武汉430015

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2019年第5期310-319,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400206-04);农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室开放项目(FIRI2016-09)

摘　　要：针对宁夏回族自治区扬水灌区水资源紧缺、供水扬程高、不同灌溉方式并存、供水调配困难、运行成本高等问题,开展了多级扬水灌区的供水调配优化研究。考虑研究区供水具有多层次、相互联系、组成复杂、影响因素众多等特点,建立了具有二层递阶结构的供水调配多目标优化模型。模型以各层缺水量平方和最小和运行功耗最小为目标,考虑不同灌溉时段影响,第1层建立单个泵站供水调度优化模型,以进行单个泵站控制区内各时段输蓄水量分配优化;第2层建立多级泵站供水调配优化模型,以优化系统内各级泵站系统各时段供水量和提水量。两层之间以供水量作为协调变量,依据大系统分解-协调原理进行求解,充分考虑了不同层次之间水量调配和主体利益的协调。灌区应用表明,所构建模型能有效进行多级扬水灌区水量调配优化,给出了核定水量下各级泵站系统水量分配优化方案,优化方案较好地缓解了各级泵站间的供水调配时空矛盾,显著减小了系统缺水量。研究结果可为灌区管理者进行实际水量调配和管理提供决策支持和技术支撑。Multi-stage irrigation pumping system is often faced with these typic problems of scarce water resource, high lift of water pumping, coexistence of different irrigation methods, difficult allocation of water, high cost of operation etc. It is significant to optimize the water regulation to alleviate above problems. A typical multi-stage irrigation pumping system (Guhai irrigation system) in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was taken as a case study area, and a regional multi-objective optimization model was developed with a two-level hierarchical structure for optimal regulation of irrigation water. Water requirement and energy consumption were taken as two objectives in the model so as to consider the operations of pumping stations. Meanwhile, different irrigation periods were considered to obtain detailed schedules for water allocation and operation. Based on the decomposition-harmonization method for large system, a two-level structure was constructed to better describe the characteristics of multi-level and interrelated relationship, complicated structures and multiple impact factors. The first level dealt with the optimal allocation of irrigation water supply among various crops in each pumping station. The second level sought out the optimal schemes of pumping and allocating water among multi-stage pumping stations. Each level was solved independently, while they were coordinated through taking water supply amount as coordinating variables. Based on the optimization model, optimal schemes for water allocation and pumping station operation were presented for all stages of pumping stations under approved amount of water resources in the study area. Results indicated that the total water shortage amount was significantly reduced from 5.77×10 6 m 3 to 1.30×10 4 m 3 in the whole system, and it was reduced from -3.22×10 6 ~ 2.47×10 6 m 3 to -8.30×10 4 ~9.50×10 4 m 3 among each pumping station. The spatial-temporal contradictions of water supply among multi-stage pumping stations were effectively alleviated thr

关 键 词：水量调配 多级泵站 优化配置 多目标 分解协调 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] S275.1[农业科学—农业工程]