白莲河水泵水轮机导叶中轴套压板螺栓断裂分析与探讨  

Fracture Analysis and Discussion of Fastening Bolt of the Centre Shaft Sleeve Press Plate in Guide Vane of Bailianhe Pumped Storage Unit

作　　者：刘英 侯世璞[2] 熊永俊[1] 杨绍爱[1] 李景 赵阳 李兵峰[2] 卢从义[2] LIU Ying;HOU Shipu;XIONG Yongjun;YANG Shaoai;LI Jing;ZHAO Yang;LI Bingfeng;LU Congyi(Hubei Bailianhe Pumped Storage Company Limited, Huanggang 438600, China;Harbin Electrical Machinery Company Limited, Harbin 150040, China)

机构地区：[1]湖北莲蓄公司,湖北黄冈438600 [2]哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司,哈尔滨150040 [3]河海大学电力系统及其自动化专业 [4]华中科技大学

出　　处：《大电机技术》2019年第3期58-61,共4页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

摘　　要：白莲河抽水蓄能电站自2009年首台机组投入运行以来,中轴套压板紧固螺栓多次出现断裂,导致中轴套位置出现漏水情况。本文通过螺栓断口宏观分析、化学成分分析、力学性能测试、金相检验以及螺栓受力分析等方法,对导叶中轴套压板紧固螺栓的断裂原因进行了分析。结果表明:在机组频繁启停机过程中,该导叶中轴套结构形式会使固定装置受到切向力与径向力共同作用的交变载荷,因此螺栓除受轴向载荷作用外,还承受了较大的周期性弯曲应力和剪应力作用,属于低周疲劳破坏。Since the first unit of Bailianhe pumped storage power station was put into operation in 2009, the fastening bolt of the centre shaft sleeve press plate has broken many times, which leads to the leakage of water in the position of the centre shaft sleeve. The fracture causes of fastening bolts of the centre shaft sleeve press plate are analyzed by means of macro-analysis of fracture surface, chemical composition analysis, mechanical property test, metallographic examination and stress analysis of bolts. The results show that during the frequent start-up and shutdown of the unit, the structure of the guide vane centre shaft sleeve will cause the fixing device to be subjected to alternating loads by the combined action of tangential and radial forces. Therefore, besides the action of axial loads, the bolt also bears large cyclic bending stress and shear stress, which belongs to low cycle fatigue failure.

关 键 词：抽水蓄能机组 导叶轴套 螺栓 低周疲劳 断裂 

分 类 号：TK73.05[交通运输工程—轮机工程]