语言学与分子人类学视角下三亚回族及其语言的演化历史  

On the Evolution History of Tsat and Utsat from the Perspective of Linguistics and Molecular Anthropology

作　　者：范志泉 邓晓华[1,2] 王传超 FAN Zhi-quan;DENG Xiao-hua;WANG Chuan-chao(Department of Anthropology and Ethnology of Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361005;School of Humanities,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学人类学与民族学系,福建厦门361005 [2]福建工程学院人文学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《回族研究》2019年第1期44-52,共9页

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"台湾原住民问题研究"(11AZD069);厦门大学南强青年拔尖人才支持计划(X2123302);中央高校基本科研业务费(ZK1144);国家自然科学基金青年项目"中国东南各族群的遗传混合"(31801040)

摘　　要：三亚回族所操回辉语,划归于南岛语系占语支。历史文献及语言学材料表明,三亚回族来源于中南半岛的占语人群。本文在前人时贤研究基础上,尝试从跨学科协作角度,结合并参考遗传学、分子人类学最新研究成果,提出对三亚回族及其语言演化历史的新思考。本文认为回辉语基本上仍保留着南岛语的基本特征,它的语言类型特征是在其自身语言内部因素促动和与汉语、黎语等语言接触的共同作用下演化而来的。此外,Y染色体研究结果虽然并不直接支持三亚回族来源于占语人群,但却表明包括三亚回族在内的南岛语人群具有侗台语人群的遗传背景。三亚回族主体先民的占语人群在迁徙与演化过程中,伴随着与南亚语人群的相互接触和融合。Tsat is the main communicative language of the Utsat in Sanya.Historical documents and linguistic materials show that the Utsat are related to the Chamic-speaking peoples.On the basis of the predecessors'researches,this paper tries to put forward a new thinking on the evolution history of the Utsat and Tsat from the perspective of interdisciplinary cooperation and the latest researches of genetics and the molecular anthropology.This paper holds that the Tsat basically retains the basic features of Austronesian,and its language structure and type characteristics are evolved from the combined influence of its internal factors and its contact with other languages such as Chinese or Li language.In addition,although the Y chromosome results do not directly support that the Tsat come from the Cham-speaking peoples,it indicates that the Austronesian population including the Tsat is genetically related to the Tai people,especially the Hainan natives.In the process of migration and evolution,the Cham-speaking peoples are considered as the main ancestor of the Tsat,who came into contact with the Austro-Asiatic population.

关 键 词：三亚回族 基因 回辉语 南岛语 语言演化 

分 类 号：H211[语言文字—少数民族语言] H289