易降解有机物及其施加方式对高粱吸收镉的影响  

Effect of biodegradable organic materials and application regimes on cadmium absorption in Sorghum bicolor L.

作　　者：段明梦 王帅[1] 黄道友[1] 许超[1] 王辉 李佰重 龙世方 朱奇宏[1] DUAN Ming-meng;WANG Shuai;HUANG Dao-you;XU Chao;WANG Hui;LI Bai-zhong;LONG Shi-fang;ZHU Qi-hong(Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha, 410125, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;College of Agriculture, Yangtze Univer?sity, Jingzhou 434025, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2019年第5期1000-1007,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD05B02);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2017NK2141);湖湘青年英才项目(2017RS3057)

摘　　要：为探明易降解有机物及其施用方式对高粱吸收镉的强化效应,通过盆栽试验探讨了2 mmol·kg^(-1)草酸(OA)、2 mmol·kg^(-1)柠檬酸(CA)和1 g·kg^(-1)水溶性有机肥(DOF)分次(1～4次)施加对土壤中镉(Cd)的活性、高粱(Sorghum bicolor L.)生长及对Cd吸收的影响。结果表明:施加OA、CA和DOF提高了土壤中Cd的活性,且OA、CA分4次施加和DOF 1次施加时,土壤中DTPA-Cd含量最高,分别比CK显著增加了11%、30%和29%;OA、CA和DOF 1次施加对高粱生物量无显著影响,分2次施加则显著抑制了高粱生长,其中DOF处理的生物量较CK下降38%;OA、CA和DOF分2～3次施加促进了高粱对Cd的吸收,高粱根部、地上部中的Cd含量及富集系数显著高于CK;OA、CA分3次施加和DOF 1次施加时,高粱地上部分Cd积累量分别比CK显著增加了17%、30%和31%。总体来看,分3次施加CA对土壤Cd活化及高粱吸收Cd的效果最好。A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of enhancement of biodegradable organic materials and their application regimes on the uptake of Cd by sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.). Oxalic acid(OA), citric acid(CA), and dissolved organic fertilizer(DOF)were splitting applied at rates of 2 mmol·kg-1, 2 mmol·kg-1, and 1 g·kg^-1, respectively. The changes in available Cd in the soil and the growth and Cd accumulation in the shoots of the sorghum were determined. The results showed that four separate applications of CA and OA and a single application of DOF significantly increased the DTPA-Cd(DTPA extractable Cd)by 11%, 30%, and 29%, respectively, compared with that of the control(CK). Single applications of OA, CA, and DOF had no significant effect on the shoot biomass of sorghum, but two separate applications of these organic materials inhibited the growth of sorghum. Compared to CK, two separate applications of DOF significantly decreased the shoot biomass of sorghum by 38%, while the split applications of OA, CA, and DOF two or three times promoted Cd uptake by sorghum. Moreover, the Cd concentration in the roots and shoots of sorghum and the bioaccumulation factor were significantly higher than those of CK. Three separate applications of OA and CA and a single application of DOF significantly increased the Cd bioaccumulation in sorghum shoots by 17%, 30%, and 31%, respectively, compared with that of CK. Altogether, three separate applications of CA could be recommended for mobilization of Cd in soil when planting sorghum in Cd-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：易降解有机物 施加方式 高粱 镉 植物修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]