江永普通野生稻遗传多样性和籼粳基因频率监测分析  

Monitoring on the Genetic Diversity and Gene Frenquencies of Indica-Japonica of Oryza Rufipogon Griff. in Jiangyong

作　　者：李小湘[1,2,3] 赵文锦 黎用朝 潘孝武[1,3] 刘文强 熊海波[1,3] 蒋善才 彭永光[4] 魏秀彩 刘利成 刘三雄 闵军 段永红 盛新年[1,3] LI Xiao-xiang;ZHAO Wen-jin;LI Yong-chao;PAN Xiao-wu;LIU Wen-qiang;XIONG Hai-bo;JIANG Shan-cai;PENG Yong-guang;WEI Xiu-cai;LIU Li-cheng;LIU San-xiong;MIN Jun;DUAN Yong-hong;SHENG Xin-nian(Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agriculture Science, Changsha 410125;Long Ping Branch, GraduateSchool of Hunan University, Changsha 410125;Key Laboratory oflndica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle andLower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125;Jiangyong County Agricultural Committee, Jiangyong Hunan 525400)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院水稻研究所,长沙410125 [2]湖南大学研究生院隆平分院,长沙410125 [3]农业部长江中下游籼稻遗传育种重点实验室,长沙410125 [4]江永县农委,湖南江永525400

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2019年第3期685-694,共10页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0100101-12);国家水稻产业技术体系专项(CARS-01-14)~~

摘　　要：以栽培稻的8个籼-粳测验种为对照,采用39对SSR引物检测了江永野生稻居群在1982年、2008年、2017年的遗传多样性,采用38对In Del引物检测了江永野生稻居群在1982年、2008年、2017年的籼-粳基因频率。结果表明:在1982年取样保存在异位圃的40份样本的遗传多样性稍高于2008年、2017年原位保护区样本的遗传多样性;2008年取的样本数虽然比2017年多,但两次取的样本之间遗传多样性几乎没差异。不同年份取的样本之间的遗传分化系数Fst都很小,基因流Nm都较大,分化不明显。通过聚类分析和主坐标分析(PCo A),发现野生稻居群与4份栽培粳稻聚为一类,4份栽培籼稻单独聚成一类,显示江永野生稻与粳稻的血缘近于籼稻;籼-粳基因频率的分析表明,野生稻样本多属粳稻型,少数属偏粳稻型,原位保护区的偏粳稻类型单株数占取样单株总数的比例,2008年比1982年的增加了10.0%,2017年比2008年的增加了1.6%,显示江永野生稻原位保护区生境条件有利野生稻从粳稻型向偏粳稻型变异,随着野生稻产生环境适应性变异,籼型基因频率在提高。This study analyzed the genetic diversity and indica-japonica gene frequencies of Jiangyong wild rice(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)populations,which were sampled in 1982,2008 and 2017,using 39 SSR markers and 38 Indel markers respectively.The results showed that the genetic diversity of 40 accessions sampled and conserved in ex-situ in 1982 was higher than that in-situ conservation sampled in 2008 and 2017.No significant difference was observed in genetic diversity between the samples in 2008 and 2017.In addition,samples collected in different years displayed unobvious differentiation,with low genetic differentiation coefficient(Fst)and high gene flow(Nm).According to cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis,we found that the genetic relationship between wild rice and japonica rice is closer than that between wild rice and indica rice.Most of the wild rice plants were grouped to japonica class,and a few belong to japonicaclinous class.In 2008,the percentage of japonicaclinous individuals increased by 10.0% compared with 1982,and in 2017,the percentage increased by 1.6% compared with 2008.These results implied that the indica gene frequency of wild rice increased with the environmental changes of in-situ conservation.

关 键 词：江永普通野生稻 遗传多样性 籼-粳基因频率 监测 

分 类 号：S511.9[农业科学—作物学]