青藏高原东北缘3种灌木数量性状、龄级结构及自疏特征  

Quantitative traits, age structure and self-thining rule of three shrubs on northest edge of Qinghai-Tibet plateau

作　　者：徐文兵 赵敏[1] 瓦勒塔 施颖[1] 胡廷花 于应文[1] XU Wenbing;ZHAO Min;Waleta;SHI Ying;HU Tinghua;YU Yingwen(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草业科学》2019年第5期1207-1214,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(XDA20060700);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0501902);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT-17R50)

摘　　要：以青藏高原东北缘高寒灌丛优势种金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa)、高山柳(Salix cupularis)和头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum)为对象,通过对其数量性状(株高、冠幅直径、分枝数、单株重、个体分枝重)与年龄结构及自疏特征分析,构建3种灌木株丛生物量估测模型,明确其年龄结构模式,确定3种灌木分枝数和分枝重之间是否存在自疏特征。结果表明:1)植物种群数量性状对其地上部分单株重影响为金露梅>高山柳>头花杜鹃;2)冠幅直径可作为3种灌木单株重估测模型适宜指标,基于冠幅直径(CD,cm)构建的灌木单株重(PW, kg)估测模型PW_(金露梅)=–0.310+0.014CD,PW_(高山柳)=–1.688+0.033CD和PW_(头花杜鹃)=–0.203+0.013CD;3)头花杜鹃和高山柳属于增长型种群,具一定稳定性,金露梅属于稳定型种群;4)头花杜鹃株丛分枝数和分枝重之间存在明显自疏特征。研究认为,3种灌木的数量性状、年龄结构和自疏特征存在分异特征,是其对高寒生境的长期适应性结果。The quantitative traits(plant height,crown diameter,number of branches,plant weight and branch weight),age structure and self-thinning rule of Potentilla fruticosa,Salix cupularis and Rhododendron capitatum on the northeast margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were studied.We constructed the estimation model of plant biomass of this three shrubs,determined their age structures,and clarified the self-thinning relationship between the number of branches and branch weight for each shrub.The results showed that:1)The impact on the plant weight by the quantitative characteristics of each species was Potentilla fruticosa>Salix cupularis>Rhododendron capitatum;2)The crown diameter could be used as a suitable index for estimating the shrub plant weight,the estimation models of plant weight(PW,kg)basing on the crown diameters(CD,cm)were PW=–0.310+0.014CD for P.fruticosa,PW=–1.688+0.033CD for S.cupularis and PW=–0.203+0.013CD for R.capitatum,respectively;3)S.cupularis and R.capitatum was a growing population and had a certain stability,while the P.fruticosa belonged to a stable population;4)There was an obvious self-thinning law between branch weight and number of branches of R.capitatum.This research shows that the quantitative traits,age structure and self-thinning law for each species is different,which suggests that it is an adaptive result to different habitats and nutrient resources.

关 键 词：金露梅 高山柳 头花杜鹃 生物量估测模型 年龄结构 自疏 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]