我国近海米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)藻华发生概况、危害及其生态学机制  

THE RESEARCH STATUS QUO,HAZARD,AND ECOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF KARENIA MIKIMOTOI RED TIDE IN COASTAL WATERS OF CHINA

作　　者：吕颂辉[1,2] 岑竞仪 王建艳 欧林坚 LU Song-Hui;CEN Jing-Yi;WANG Jian-Yan;OU Lin-Jian(College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algae Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,Guangzhou 510632,China;Department of Science Research,Beijing Museum of Natural History,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生命科学技术学院,广州510632 [2]水体富营养化与藻华防治广东普通高校重点实验室,广州510632 [3]北京自然博物馆,北京100050

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2019年第3期487-494,共8页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目,2017YFC1404301号;国家自然科学基金,41606175号,41606176号

摘　　要：米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)隶属于裸甲藻目(Gymnodiniales)凯伦藻科(Kareniaceae)。该藻广泛分布于全球海域,是海洋中的主要有毒有害赤潮藻,也是我国第二大灾害性赤潮肇事种。米氏凯伦藻可产生半乳糖脂、溶血毒素、鱼毒素和部分细胞毒素,当其大规模暴发时会造成严重的生态灾害和经济损失,并危及海产品安全和人类健康。该藻为广温广盐种,光照耐受阈宽,多以光合作用营自养生长,主要繁殖方式为无性繁殖;另外,米氏凯伦藻能吸收利用不同形态的磷盐,并可进行吞噬营养。这些生态学特性使其具有环境适应优势,在适宜条件下过度繁殖引发藻华。Karenia mikimotoi is a euryhaline and toxic dinoflagellate species,and it belongs to the family Kareniaceae(Gymnodiniales,Dinophyceae).It has been notorious for its recurrent blooms in the world.Chinese coastal waters are also frequently affected by the harmful algal blooms caused by K.mikimotoi.It can produce complex toxins including semi-lactose grease,solvents blood toxin,fish toxin,and cell toxin.When this species blooms massively in seawater,it would cause an ecological disaster,resulting in a heavy economic loss and even threatening the local human health and seafood safety.K.mikimotoi has a wide tolerance to light,can assimilate different forms of phosphates flexibly,and could take nutrients for growth autotrophically(by photosynthesis)and heterotrophically(by phagotrophy)simultaneously.All these ecological characteristics arm this species with an advantage in a sudden and large-scaled outbreak in the sea.

关 键 词：米氏凯伦藻 有害藻华 毒素 生态学特征 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]