耕作方式与秸秆还田对土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of Tillage Methods and Straw Returning on Soil Fertility

作　　者：陈丽 马贤超 田宝庚 刘世平 CHEN Li;MA Xian-chao;TIAN Bao-geng(Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province,Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology of Jiangsu Province,Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Industrial Technology of Food Crops of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009)

机构地区：[1]江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心扬州大学

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第10期64-66,69,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200107);科技部国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD01B03);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2015337);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨不同耕作方式与秸秆还田对土壤肥力影响。[方法]利用扬州大学连续定位的稻麦两熟保护性耕作试验平台为主要技术,试验共设置6个处理(连续免耕秸秆覆盖、轮耕1、轮耕2、翻耕秸秆全量还田、少耕秸秆半量还田、翻耕秸秆不还田)。[结果]秸秆还田,特别是翻耕秸秆全量还田(CTS)有助于提高土壤耕层有机质的含量,但土壤有机质含量受秸秆还田量的多少和翻耕程度影响不大。与其他处理相比,少耕(MTS)和翻耕秸秆还田(CTS)处理均能提高土壤全氮含量。[结论]连续免耕秸秆覆盖处理显著提高了土壤表层的碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量。一定程度的秸秆还田也有助于土壤养分的提高。[Objective] The research aimed to explore the effects of different tillage methods and straw returning on soil fertility.[Method]Using Yangzhou University’s continuously positioned rice and wheat two-crop conservation tillage test platform as the main technology,the experiment set up six treatments (no-tillage and straw mulching,rotation tillage 1,rotation tillage 2,convention tillage and full straw returning,minimum tillage and half straw returning and the convention tillage).[Result]The straw returning to the field,especially the convention tillage and convention tillage and full straw returning (CTS),could improve the organic matter content of the soil,but the soil organic matter content was affected by the straw returning amount.The amount and the degree of tillage had little effect.Compared with other treatments,both minimum tillage (MTS) and tillage and straw returning (CTS) treatment could increase soil total nitrogen content.[Conclusion]Continuous no-till straw mulching treatment significantly increased the content of alkali nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil surface.A certain degree of straw returning also contributes to the improvement of soil nutrients.

关 键 词：耕作方式 秸秆还田 土壤肥力 影响 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]