橘皮浸提液对土壤肥力与土壤微生物组成的影响  

Effects of Orange Peel Extraction on Soil Fertility and Soil Microbial Composition

作　　者：孟宏祥[1] 刘晓 解新宇 马学淼 张志[1] 王艳[1] 王倡宪[1] MENG Hong-xiang;LIU Xiao;XIE Xin-yu(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Utilization and Environmental Security,College of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Heilongjiang University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学农业资源与环境学院/农业资源与环境安全重点实验室

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第10期79-81,85,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12511403)

摘　　要：为明确果皮在农业生产中的利用潜力,分别测定了3种果皮(橘皮、火龙果皮与柚子皮)鲜样与干燥样品中可溶性糖与硝态氮含量,从中筛得两指标含量均较高的果皮制成浸提液,然后采用土培试验的方法,探索不同浓度该种果皮浸提液(0、2.5、5.0、10.0g/L)对土壤碱解氮、速效磷、有机质及土壤微生物组成的影响。结果表明,3种果皮中,橘皮经常压恒温干燥后(60~70℃),硝态氮及可溶性糖含量都显著增加;当浸提液浓度为10.0g/L时,土样有机质含量较空白增加了3.38%,较土培前增加了19.08%;同时,土壤速效磷含量是土培前的1.78倍;细菌数量也显著增加,而真菌数量接近空白。鉴于橘皮在提高土壤肥力及土壤环境质量改善中的有益作用,认为其在农业生产中具有一定的利用价值。In order to explore the potentialities of fruit peel in agriculture production, the contents of soluble sugar and nitrate nitrogen in fresh and dry orange peel, pitaya peel and grapefruit peel were determined, and the dry peel which contained both highest nitrate nitrogen and soluble sugar content was used to make extraction in the soil culture experiment. Then the different concentrations of the peel extraction (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 g/L) were irrigated in soil to study the effects of extraction on soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter and soil microbial population. The results showed that the contents of nitrate nitrogen and soluble sugar in the orange peel increased significantly after drying process among three fruit peels. When the extract concentration was 10 g/L, the soil organic matter content increased by 3.38% and 19.08% respectively than that of control and that of untreated soil;meanwhile, the available phosphorus content was 1.78 times higher than that of untreated soil. The number of bacteria also increased significantly, but the number of fungus was close to the control. Therefore the dry orange peels show high values in agriculture for its potentialities in promoting soil fertility and improving the soil environment quality.

关 键 词：果皮 橘皮 碱解氮 速效磷 有机质 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]