陆地棉衣分性状的主基因-多基因遗传分析  

Major Gene Plus Polygene Genetic Analysis of Lint Percent in Upland Cotton

作　　者：龚举武 刘爱英[2] 李俊文[2] 姜骁[2] 段丽 葛群 邓晓英 巩万奎[2] 石玉真[2] 商海红[2] 陈全家[1] 耿洪伟[1] 袁有禄[2] Gong Juwu;Liu Aiying;Li Junwen;Jiang Xiao;Duan Li;Ge Qun;Deng Xiaoying;Gong Wankui;Shi Yuzhen;Shang Haihong;Chen Quanjia;Geng Hongwei;Yuan Youlu(Xinjiang Agricultural University , Xinjiang Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China;Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture, Anyang, Henan 455000, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学/棉花生物学国家重点实验室新疆研究基地,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室/农业部棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2019年第3期192-200,共9页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31371668);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610120180010);科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ICR)

摘　　要：【目的】衣分是决定棉花产量的重要因素之一,有关其遗传研究相对较少,解析衣分性状遗传的特点,明确不同环境下衣分对产量形成的贡献机制。【方法】以国审优质棉中棉所70为基础构建的250个RIL(Recombinant inbred lines)群体,在黄河流域、长江流域和西北内陆棉区9个环境下对该RIL群体及其亲本进行了表型鉴定,并利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型综合研究衣分性状遗传变化特点。【结果】母本s GK中156衣分性状在9个环境下均大于父本901-001,RIL群体衣分分布范围为33.91%～40.18%,平均为38.01%,表现为双向超亲,偏度和峰度绝对值都小于1.0,呈正态分布,变异系数为5.36%～8.17%;不同环境下衣分表现为西北内陆棉区>黄河流域棉区>长江流域棉区的趋势;遗传模型是以2～4对主基因或2对主基因+多基因遗传控制,主基因遗传率在1.26%～83.13%,多基因遗传率在27.35%～90.83%,主基因+多基因遗传率在92.00%～99.35%,一般情况下衣分是以2对主基因+多基因遗传为主,在2015年河南安阳、2016年河南安阳和2016年山东临清环境下以2～4对主基因遗传,遗传效应较高,在2015年河南安阳环境下最多检测到4对主基因的存在。【结论】衣分性状主基因+多基因遗传率大于90%,结果有助于进一步阐明优质棉中棉所70产量性状衣分的遗传特征,为不同生态区条件下相互引种和推广提供科学依据,为提高棉花产量、农民增收、QTL定位和高衣分品种选育提供理论基础。[Objective] Lint percentage is a critical factor in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield;however, there is limited genetic researches available to dissect the genetic characteristics of cotton lint percentage or for illustrating the mechanism of how lint percentage contributes to yield formation.【Methods】This study used the major gene plus polygene genetic model to perform a comprehensive study on genetic variation among lint percentage characteristics. In total, a 250-recombinant inbred line population was constructed for cultivar CCRI 70, a national high-quality cotton, and this population and the cultivar’s parental lines were phenotyped in nine environments in the Yellow River Valley, the Yangtze River Valley and Northwest Inland Region.【Results】The lint percentage of the female parent s GK Zhong 156 was greater than that of the male parent901-001 when grown in the nine environments. The lint percentage range of the recombinant inbred lines was 33.91%–40.18%, with an average of 38.01%, and the average was lower than that of the parental values. Thus, the performance was heterotic. The absolute values of skewness and kurtosis were less than 1.0, indicating a normal distribution, and the coefficientsof variation ranged from 5.36% to 8.17%. Lint percentage showed the following geographical trend: Northwest Inland Region>the Yellow River Valley>the Yangtze River Valley. The genetic model is as follows: in different environments, lint percentage is controlled by two to four pairs of main genes or two pairs of major genes plus polygenes. The heritability of major genes ranged from 1.26% to 83.13%, the multiple gene heritability ranged from 27.35% to 90.83%, and the heritability of major genes plus multiple gene ranged from 92.00% to 99.35%. In the current study, lint percentage was mainly controlled by the major genes model having two major genes plus polygenes and the major gene model having two to four major genes. Among 2015 in Anyang, Henan, 2016 in Anyang, Henan and 2016 in Linqing, Shandong, only t

关 键 词：中棉所70 衣分 主基因-多基因遗传分析 多环境 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]