长白山东坡不同海拔落叶松土壤微生物碳代谢及酶活性研究  

Soil Microbial Carbon Metabolism and Enzyme Activity of Larix olgensis along An Altitudinal Gradient on the Eastern Slope of Changbai Mountain,Northeast China

作　　者：段益莉[1] 李继侠[2] 江强[1] 赵鸿宇 DUAN Yili;LI Jixia;JIANG Qiang;ZHAO Hongyu(Neijiang Vocational &Technical College,Neijiang 641100,China;Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology,Zhengzhou 450064,China;School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]内江职业技术学院,四川内江641100 [2]郑州科技学院,河南郑州450064 [3]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2019年第4期652-660,共9页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370628);内江市科技局课题(NJKJJ201714)

摘　　要：基于2013-2017年连续5年对长白山东坡不同海拔落叶松(Larixolgensis)土壤微生物碳代谢及酶活性调查分析数据,利用Biolog-Eco微平板法系统研究土壤微生物碳代谢及酶活性。结果表明,(1)不同海拔落叶松土壤微生物群落代谢平均颜色变化率(AWCD)随培养时间延长而逐渐增加,相同时间土壤微生物碳源利用大致表现为低海拔>中海拔>高海拔。土壤微生物对不同种类碳源的利用强度存在较大差异,碳水化合物和羧酸类碳源是土壤微生物的主要碳源,其次为氨基酸类、酚酸类和聚合物类,胺类碳源的利用率最小。(2)2013-2017年,不同海拔落叶松土壤微生物群落各多样性指数从均呈增加趋势;5年内物种丰富度指数(H)、均匀度指数(E)和碳源利用丰富度指数(S)平均值基本表现为低海拔>中海拔>高海拔。(3)2013-2017年,不同海拔落叶松土壤微生量碳、微生物呼吸、微生物代谢熵、土壤糖苷酶、几丁质酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、酚氧化酶δ和过氧化物酶δ均呈增加趋势;5年内土壤微生量碳、微生物呼吸和微生物代谢熵平均值基本表现为低海拔>中海拔>高海拔。(4)PCA排序分析表明,土壤酶活性与微生物群落多样性之间存在显著的相关关系,其中土壤微生物呼吸和土壤微生物代谢熵是影响微生物多样性分布的主要环境因子。土壤几丁质酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶对土壤微生物群落功能多样性贡献最大,这是造成不同海拔落叶松土壤微生物群落多样性差异的重要原因。We present a comprehensive analysis of soil microbial carbon metabolism and enzyme activity of Larix olgensis along an altitudinal gradient(low altitude,intermediate altitude,high altitude)on the eastern slope of Changbai Mountain,from 2013 to 2017,based on the soil habitat,the structure and function of soil microbial community were studied by using Biolog plate.Our results were as follows:(1)There were significant differences in functional diversity of microbial communities of different Larix olgensis along an altitudinal gradient.The average well color development(AWCD),which directly reflected microbial activity and functional diversity,showed low altitude>intermediate altitude>high altitude.The carbon sources mostly used by soil microbes were carbohydrates and carboxylic acids,followed by amino acids,phenolic acids and polymers,the lowest was amines.(2)The Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index,richness index and McIntosh index gradually increased from 2013 to 2017,and showed low altitude>intermediate altitude>high altitude.(3)Soil microbiomass carbon,microbial respiration,microbial metabolic entropy,soil glycosidase,chitinase,leucine aminopeptidase,alkaline phosphatase,phenol oxidase and peroxidase assay gradually increased from 2013 to 2017,and showed low altitude>intermediate altitude>high altitude.(4)Principal component analysis(PCA)indicated that the soil microbial carbon metabolism and enzyme activity were different along an altitudinal gradient,and microbial respiration,microbial metabolic entropy had the more positive contribution to soil microbial carbon metabolism,which were the main driving factors to soil microbial carbon metabolism.Besides,soil chitinase,leucine aminopeptidase were the reason of variation of soil microbial community diversity of Larix olgensis along an altitudinal gradient.

关 键 词：长白山 落叶松 土壤微生物 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：Q154.3[生物学—普通生物学]