南方红壤区土壤侵蚀强度评价及空间分布特征  

Intensity Evaluation and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Erosion in Red Soil Region in South China

作　　者：邓超 陈志彪[1,2] 陈志强[1,2] DENG Chao;CHEN Zhi-biao;CHEN Zhi-qiang(School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007 ,China;Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education,Fujian formal University,Fuzhou 350007 ,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007 [2]福建师范大学湿润亚热带山地生态地理过程教育部重点实验室,福建福州350007

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第3期88-95,共8页Journal of Fujian Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC08B03);福建省社会发展引导性(重点)项目(2016Y0024);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2017J01462)

摘　　要：以2016年GeoEye遥感影像为基础数据源,通过ENVI软件提取植被覆盖度和土地利用类型数据,结合DEM数据,提取研究区土壤侵蚀等级图,定量分析南方红壤侵蚀区朱溪小流域的土壤侵蚀空间分布现状以及不同地形、土壤因子下土壤侵蚀面积的分布.结果表明:强烈、极强烈、剧烈侵蚀面积主要分布在小流域东北和东南部,西南部以轻度和中度侵蚀为主.水土流失面积中,中度侵蚀面积最大,占水土流失总面积的32.87%,其次为轻度和强烈面积比例分别为21.61%、22.48%.水土流失面积均随着高程、坡度和有机质质量分数的增加先增大后减小.土壤容重在1.25～1.30 g·cm^(-3)之间时,主要表现为轻度、中度、强烈侵蚀.生产活动中,需合理开垦耕地,转变不合理的土地利用方式,减少植被的破坏.Through the ENVI software,vegetation coverage and land use type were extracted from GeoEye remote sensing image in 2016,and slope was created from DEM data.This article got the soil erosion classification of Zhuxi small watershed which was typical soil erosion area by using the spatial analysis function to stack the layers of vegetation coverage,land use type and slope,to quantitatively analyze the present spatial distribution of soil erosion and reveal relationship between the soil erosion area with terrain and edaphic factors.The results showed that the area of in tensity,extreme intensity and severe erosion mainly distributed in the northeast and the southeast of the watershed.Slight and moderate soil erosion mainly dominated in the southwest of watershed.In the slightly and highly area of soil erosion,the largest area was moderate erosion,accounting for 32.87 % of soil erosion total area,and the proportion of light and intensity area of soil erosion was 21.61 % and 22.48%.The area of soil erosion increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of altitude,slope and soil organic content.The micro,mild and moderate soil erosion were the main erosion level in the soil volume weight range of 1.25~1.30 g·cm^-3.In production activities,it is necessary to change unreasonable land use types and reduce damage of vegetation.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 空间分布 有机质 容重 朱溪小流域 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]