可重构三轴机床几何误差敏感性变化规律预测  

Prediction of geometric error sensitivity change of reconfigurable three-axis machine tools

作　　者：黄浩 黄筱调[1] 于春建 丁爽 HUANG Hao;HUANG Xiaodiao;YU Chunjia;DING Shuang(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211800,China;Nanjing Gongda CNC Technology Co.Ltd.,Nanjing 211899,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学机械与动力工程学院,江苏南京211800 [2]南京工大数控科技有限公司,江苏南京211899 [3]扬州大学机械工程学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第3期343-353,共11页Journal of Nanjing Tech University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2012ZX04002-041)

摘　　要：机床的几何误差敏感源辨识是对机床精准设计的一项重要挑战,特别是其运动轴间的位姿关系在机床重构后会改变,如何快速地鉴别机床重构后的空间误差敏感项对后续加工有较大影响。本文以可重构三轴机床为研究对象,采用齐次坐标变换矩阵方法,提出了基于模块化误差矩阵的综合空间误差模型快速重建方法。运用矩阵微分求得各几何误差的敏感性系数,分析不同的三轴机床结构与敏感误差源变化规律的映射关系,对不同配置的机床进行敏感性规律验证。结果表明:机床在不同的重构配置下均符合该变化规律,有利于可重构机床的设计和加工精度的提高。The geometric error sensitive source identification of machine tools is an important challenge to the precise design of machine tools,as the position and orientation relations between the motion axes would be changed after the machine reconfiguration.How to quickly identify the space error sensitive items after machine reconfiguration has great influence on the subsequent machining.A comprehensive spatial error model for rapid reconstruction based on modular error matrix was proposed for reconfigurable three axis machine tool with the use of homogeneous coordinate transformation matrix to the reconfigurable characteristics of reconfigurable machine tools.The sensitivity coefficients of various geometric errors were obtained by matrix differentiation.The mapping relationship between the different three axis machine tool structures and the sensitive error source was analyzed,and the sensitivity rules of different configurations of machine tool were verified.Results showed that the machine tool met the change rule under different reconfigurations,which was beneficial to the design of reconfigurable machine tool and the improvement of machining precision.

关 键 词：可重构机床 误差建模 矩阵微分 敏感误差源预测 

分 类 号：TH115[机械工程—机械设计及理论]