高层框-剪结构建筑的定向爆破拆除  

Directional Blasting Demolition of a High Rise Buiding with a Frame-shear Structure

作　　者：姚显春[1] 姚尧[1,2] 张伟 姚均 谢海香 YAO Xianchun;YAO Yao;ZHANG wei;YAO Jun;XIE haixiang(Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Shaanxi Xi'an,710048;Shaanxi Sifang Ping an Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Baoji,721000)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学岩土工程研究所,陕西西安710048 [2]陕西四方平安爆破工程有限公司,陕西宝鸡721000

出　　处：《爆破器材》2019年第3期49-54,共6页Explosive Materials

基　　金：陕西省教育厅基金(15JK1540)

摘　　要：在分析周边复杂环境的基础上,针对拟拆除的某13层框-剪结构楼房的特点,确定了单边定向坍塌方案,确定合理的爆破高度和倾倒角度。为了减小爆破的有害效应,在充分保证安全的前提下,对该大楼非承重结构墙体、构件以及承重的楼房电梯井、楼梯间剪力墙进行了部分预拆除。分别设计了柱、剪力墙和梁的爆破参数,并采用优化的爆破网路与安全防护措施,确保了爆破拆除顺利实施。爆破效果表明,预拆除减小了爆破作业工作量,降低了炸药用量,减小了爆破的有害效应,确定的相关参数与防护措施安全有效。On the basis of analyzing the surrounding complex environment,the unilateral directional collapse scheme was determined for the characteristics of a 13-story frame-sheared structure that was to be demolished,and a reasonable blasting height and dumping angle were determined.In order to reduce the harmful effects of blasting,the pre-treatment method was adopted,and under the premise of ensuring safety,the non-load-bearing structural wall and components of the building and the load-bearing elevator shaft and stairwell shear wall of the building were partially pre-prepared.Blasting parameters of the column,shear wall and beam were designed respectively,and the optimized blasting network and safety protection measures were adopted to ensure the smooth implementation of blasting demolition.Collapse outcome of the building indicated that the pre-disassembly reduces the workload of the blasting operation,reduces the amount of explosives and the harmful effects caused by the blasting operation.The relevant parameters and protective measures determined are safe and effective.

关 键 词：框-剪结构 拆除爆破 预拆除 定向爆破 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]