高速脂润滑圆锥滚子轴承保持架动态稳定性分析  

Dynamic stability of cages in high-speed tapered roller bearings with grease lubrication

作　　者：吴正海 徐颖强[1] 邓四二[2] 曹栋波 WU Zhenghai;XU Yingqiang;DENG Sier;CAO Dongbo(School of Mechatronical Engineering,Northweastern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;School of Mechatronical Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学机电学院,西安710072 [2]河南科技大学机电工程学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2019年第10期49-57,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675427)

摘　　要：考虑脂润滑弹流润滑效应和挤压膜润滑效应,分析了保持架与轴承组件的多体接触作用关系,建立了计及润滑油膜等效刚度和等效阻尼的圆锥滚子轴承保持架全动力学模型。运用四阶Runge-Kutta方法计算分析了速度、载荷、预紧量等对保持架动态稳定性的影响规律,并对比分析了尼龙、钢和铜保持架的动态稳定性。分析结果表明:在平稳阶段,保持架与引导套圈接触力要远高于兜孔接触力,且保持架打滑率要低于滚动体打滑率;保持架和滚动体打滑率随轴承转速升高而增加,随载荷或预紧量的增加而减小;滚动体与兜孔间隙越小保持架动态稳定性越好,且兜孔接触力也越小;引导面间隙越小保持架与引导面的接触力越小,但保持架稳定性变差;在轴承转速分析范围内,尼龙和铜保持架的动态稳定性均随转速的提升而增加,在高速时钢保持架的稳定性要次于尼龙和铜保持架。The multi-body contact between the cage and bearing parts was analyzed based on the theory of grease elastohydrodynamic lubrication and squeeze film lubrication.The dynamic model of a tapered roller bearing cage was established,considering the equivalent stiffness and damping of lubricant film.The fourth order Runge-Kutta method was used to calculate and analyse the influences of speed,load and preload on the cage dynamic characteristics,and then the dynamic stability of nylon,steel and copper cages was compared and analyzed.The results show that the contact force between the cage and guide ring is much greater than the pocket contact force,and the sliding rate of the cage is lower than that of the roller even in running state.The sliding rate of cage and roller increases with the speed increasing,and decreases with the increase in load or preload.The smaller the pocket clearance,the better the dynamic stability of the cage,and the smaller the pocket contact force.The smaller the guiding surface clearance,the worse the dynamic stability of the cage,but the contact force between the cage and guiding surface is reduced.In the analysis range of bearing rotational speed,the dynamic stability of the nylon cage and copper cage increases with the increase in bearing rotational speed,and the stability of the steel cage is more inferior than that of the nylon cage and copper cage at high speed.

关 键 词：圆锥滚子轴承 脂润滑 保持架 动态稳定性 弹流润滑 

分 类 号：TH133.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]