一种可提高无线传感器网络寿命的节能方案设计  

Design of an energy-effective scheme to improve lifetime of wireless sensor networks

作　　者：刘雪松[1] 武杰[1] LIU Xuesong;WU Jie(State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection & Electronics, Department of Modern Physics,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学近代物理系核探测与核电子学国家重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《核技术》2019年第5期27-33,共7页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41574106);国家科技重大专项(No.2017ZX05008-008-041);国家重大科研装备研制项目(No.ZDYZ2012-1-05-03)资助~~

摘　　要：在某核物理实验中的传感器网络数据采集系统中,由于采集节点能量消耗不均衡,系统能量利用不充分,不能满足长时间可靠采集数据的需求。为解决该问题,研究了较为普遍的无线传感器网络能量不均衡问题,提出了一种对无线传感器网络电源系统的改造方案。该方案在保留了传感器无线通信的基础上,通过在传感器节点之间增布电源线,实现了两方面的改善:首先,增加了节点之间的能量转移通道,解决了节点之间能量消耗不均衡的问题;其次,在能量均衡的基础上传感器节点可以按照能量最优方案进行通信,避免了传统无线传感器网络中因分簇通信而导致的能量浪费问题。仿真数据表明:与一般分簇协议相比,该方案可使节点平均能耗降低78%,使系统寿命延长约5倍。[Background] In the data acquisition system for a nuclear physics experiment, the energy consumption of each acquisition node of wireless sensor networks is not balanced, and the energy utilization of the system is insufficient, which cannot satisfy the task of reliable data acquisition for a long time.[Purpose] This study aims to solve the common problem of energy imbalance of wireless sensor networks, and put forward a transformation scheme of power supply system for wireless sensor networks.[Methods] On the basis of reserving wireless sensor communication, the scheme achieves two improvements by adding power lines between sensor nodes. Firstly, the energy transfer channels between nodes are increased to solve the problem of unbalanced energy consumption between nodes. Secondly, on the basis of energy balance, sensor nodes communicate with the optimal energy scheme to avoid energy waste caused by frequent clusters in traditional wireless sensor networks.[Results] The results show that this method can prolong the life of the system about five times at the cost of connecting a few power lines.[Conclusion] The simulation results show that compared with clustering protocol, this scheme can reduce the average power consumption of nodes by 78% and prolong the system life by about 5 times.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 能量均衡 电源线连接 能量最优通信路径 

分 类 号：TL81[核科学技术—核技术及应用]