医教融通:以芜湖近代弋矶山医院建筑为例  

Combination of Hospital and Religion: A Case Study of Modern Architecture in Yijishan Hospital

作　　者：徐震[1] 李卉 Xu Zhen;Li Hui

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学 [2]上海新外建工程设计与顾问有限公司

出　　处：《华中建筑》2019年第6期113-117,共5页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"徽化与西化交织下的安徽近代建筑研究--以芜湖和安庆为对象"(编号:51208161)

摘　　要：1888年基督教美以美会传入芜湖,其传教期间建造的芜湖弋矶山医院是安徽近代最大的教会医院,也是最大的现代西医院,为折衷主义风格。通过对芜湖弋矶山医院历史资料整理以及实地调研测绘,从近代教会医院的历史沿革、平面型制、立面装饰、结构形式及材料以及宗教空间等方面进行了研究分析,并与南京的中央医院建筑进行了比较,提出在现代医学观念主导和中国传统观念调节下,近代教会医院平面通常采用分科、分病区布置方式,病房为南丁格尔式,是真正的现代医院建筑类型,但近代教会医院还具有独特特征——以宗教空间为中心进行平面布局。The Methodist Episcopal Church of Christianity began its Mission in Wuhu from 1888. Yijishan Hospital, built by this Church during its preaching was a building of eclecticism and the earliest and biggest existing modern western medical hospital in Anhui province. Through the filing of the historical documents and the on-site investigation and measurement, we make an analysis from the aspects of history, planform, facade decoration, structure form and materials, and the religious space on the modern church hospital, as well as compare this hospital with the buildings in Nanjing Central Hospital. Then we propose that under the guidance of modern medical concept and traditional Chinese ideas, the modern missionary hospitals usually adopted a layout of separated-section and separated-ward and the ward had a Nightingale style open-hall, which were in genuine modern architectural type. However, the modern missionary hospitals also had unique characteristic:a religious-space-centered plane layout.

关 键 词：弋矶山医院建筑 教会医院 现代医学观念 广厅式 宗教空间 

分 类 号：TU241.6[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]