酵母培养物替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、血清生化指标、免疫力和抗病力的影响  

Effects of Yeast Culture on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Immunity and Disease Resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：桂良超 麦浩彬 迟淑艳[1,2] 周文豪 李永娟 谭北平 董晓慧[1] 杨奇慧[1,2] 刘泓宇[1] 章双 GUI Liang-chao;MAI Hao-bin;CHI Shu-yan;ZHOU Wen-hao;LI Yong-juan;TAN Bei-ping;DONG Xiao-hui;YANG Qi-hui;LIU Hong-yu;ZHANG Shuang(Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;Beijing Enhalor Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100081;Marine Invertebrate Animal Science and Technology Innovation Center Guangdong, Zhanjiang 524088, China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产动物营养实验室,广东湛江524088 [2]广东省海产无脊椎动物科技创新中心,广东湛江524088 [3]北京英惠尔生物技术有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2019年第3期30-37,共8页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：广东省高等学校高层次人才项目[粤财教(2013)246];高校重大科研项目培育计划(GDOU2013050302)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨高蛋白酵母培养物替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeusvannamei)生长性能、血清生化指标、非特异性免疫力和抗病力的影响。【方法】在基础饲料中分别添加质量分数0、2.5%、5.0%和7.5%酵母培养物(记为Y0、Y2.5、Y5.0和Y7.5组),分别替代质量分数0、10%、20%和30%的鱼粉,配制4种等氮等脂饲料,饲喂凡纳滨对虾(初始体质量0.70±0.03 g)56 d后,测定对虾生长性能、血清生化及免疫酶指标;用哈维氏弧菌(Vibrioharveyi)攻毒,测定对虾累计死亡率。【结果】Y2.5和Y5.0组凡纳滨对虾增重率和特定生长率与Y0组的差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),Y5.0组凡纳滨对虾摄食率显著高于Y0和Y2.5组(P <0.05);Y5.0组凡纳滨对虾血清甘油三酯含量显著低于Y0组(P<0.05),Y7.5组凡纳滨对虾血清谷丙转氨酶含量显著高于Y0、Y2.5组(P <0.05),血清总胆固醇显著低于Y0、Y2.5组(P <0.05);酵母培养物替代饲料中20%和30%的鱼粉可显著提高对虾攻毒前肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性(P <0.05),Y7.5组对虾肝胰腺丙二醛含量在哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)攻毒后显著低于Y0组(P <0.05);攻毒7 d后,Y7.5组凡纳滨对虾累积死亡率显著低于Y0组(P<0.05)。【结论】酵母培养物替代鱼粉比例小于20%时,不会显著影响凡纳滨对虾生长性能;替代比例为30%时,生长受抑制。当替代量比例为30%时可显著提高凡纳滨对虾非特异性免疫力和抗病力。【Objective】 A feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effects of yeast culture with higher crude protein on the growth performance, hematological parameters, non-specific immunity and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei.【Method】Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were prepared by adding 0, 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% yeast culture in a basal diet(Y0,Y2.5, Y5.0 and Y7.5 respectively), substituted fish meal ratio was 0%,10%, 20% and 30%,respectively. Healthy shrimp(initial average weight 0.70±0.03 g) were fed with the diets for 56 days, and the performance, hematological parameters, immunity index were determined. Then,shrimp were challenged by Vibrio harveyi for 7 d, and accumulative mortality rate of the shrimp were calculated.【Results】The results showed that there was no significant difference in the weight gain rate and specific growth rate among the Y2.5, Y5.0 and Y0 groups(P > 0.05). The feeding rate in Y5.0 group was significantly higher than that of in Y0 and Y2.5 groups(P < 0.05). The content of serum triglyceride in the Y5.0 group was significantly lower than that in Y0 group(P < 0.05).The activity of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase in Y7.5 group was significantly higher than that of the Y0 and Y2.5 groups(P < 0.05), but the content of serum total cholesterol in the Y7.5 group was significantly lower than that in the Y0 and Y2.5 groups(P < 0.05). The activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in the liver of shrimp before challenge could be significantly improved by using the yeast culture substituting for 20% and 30% fish meal(P < 0.05). The contents of malondialdehyde in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed with Y7.5 diet were significantly lower than those of shrimp fed with Y0 group(P < 0.05). Shrimps were challenged by Vibrio harveyi for the 7 days after the breeding experiment, the cumulative mortality rate of Y7.5 group was significantly lower than that of Y0 group(P < 0.05).【Conclusion】It is indicated that there is no significant difference on the growth performa

关 键 词：酵母培养物 凡纳滨对虾 生长性能 免疫力 抗病力 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]