我国农业植物新品种保护问题与对策研究——以品种权申请授权数据统计为基础进行分析  

A Study on the Problems and Countermeasures of Agricultural Plant Variety Protection in China:Based on the Statistics of Applications and Grants of New Plant Variety

作　　者：李菊丹[1] Li Judan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学所

出　　处：《知识产权》2019年第5期70-82,共13页Intellectual Property

基　　金：国家社科基金青年基金项目"生物技术背景下我国植物新品种保护对策研究"(项目编号:13CFX087)研究成果

摘　　要：本文以品种权申请与授权相关的数据统计为基础,总结了我国农业植物品种保护的三大特点:品种权申请量稳步上升,但授权量呈波浪式增长;有效品种权数量持续增加,但非居民申请量偏少;企业品种权申请量上升,但授权品种作物类型集中。上述三大特点间接地反映了我国在植物新品种审查测试、种质资源国际交流与利用、以及花卉园艺果蔬作物育种创新所面临的挑战。针对上述挑战,提出"四大强化"的基本对策,包括强化对原始育种创新的保护力度,强化品种权的执法力度、强化植物新品种技术支撑体系建设以及强化植物新品种保护的价值。Based on the statistics of applications and grants of new plant variety, the paper asserts that protection of agricultural plant varieties in China has three major characteristics, namely, the amount of application rises steadily but the grants undulates;the amount of effective plant variety rights increase continually, but less applications are from non-residents;the amount of enterprise variety rights rises, but the granted crop varieties highly concentrated. These characteristics indirectly reflect the challenges faced by China in respect to review and test of plant new varieties;international exchange and utilization of germplasm resources;and breeding innovation of ornamentals, fruit species and vegetables. The paper proposes four countermeasures against these challenges, including strengthening protection of original breeding innovation, strengthening enforcement of New Plant Variety Protection Law, strengthening the construction of technical support system for plant varieties protection, and strengthening the value of plant varieties protection.

关 键 词：植物新品种 植物新品种权 育种创新 特异性、一致性、稳定性测试 国际植物新 品种保护联盟 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]