现代汉语“V+开”与“V+下”表容纳义的对比分析  

A Comparative Study of Mandarin Constructions of “V+Kai” and “V+Xia” in Accommodative Usage

作　　者：顾龙飞[1] 唐厚广[1] Gu Longfei;Tang Houguang(College of Liberal Arts,Liaoning University,Shenyang Liaoning 110036)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学文学院,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《沈阳师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期113-118,共6页Journal of Shenyang Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L12DYY022)

摘　　要：现代汉语中的"V+开"和"V+下"都可表容纳义,但二者的关注点不同,语义也不完全一致。容纳事件可分为空间容纳、时间容纳和数量容纳,但"V+开"和"V+下"只能表达空间容纳和时间容纳。"V+开"表空间容纳时关注平面对物体数量的容纳,并强调物体的平展排列;还关注平面或容器对展开物体的容纳。"V+下"表空间容纳时也关注平面对物体数量的容纳,但强调物体的紧密排列;同时还关注容器对物体数量或体积的容纳。"V+开"表时间容纳时侧重对某时间段可安排的活动数量的描述",V+下"则侧重对某时间段内可安排的人员数量的描述。理清这些共性与差异性有助于对"V+开"与"V+下"的替换情况做出较为合理的解释。In modern Chinese,both“V+Kai”and“V+Xia”can express accommodative meaning,but they focus on different semantic features. Accommodation events can be divided into space accommodation,time accommodation and quantity accommodation,but“V+Kai”and“V+Xia”can only express space accommodation and time accommodation. Regarding to space accommodation,“V+Kai”focuses on the capacity of the number of objects a flat surface can hold,and emphasizes the spread arrangement;it also focuses on the capacity of the stretching size of object a flat or container can accommodate. While “V+Xia”also focuses on the capacity of the number of objects a flat surface can hold,but emphasizes the tight arrangement;it also focuses on the capacity of the number of objects or the volume of object that a container can accommodate. Regarding to time accommodation,“V+Kai”focuses on describing the number of events that can be scheduled for a given period of time,while“V+Xia”focuses on describing the number of people that can be scheduled for a given period of time. These commons and differences are conducive to analyze and explain the substitute usages for“V+Kai”and“V+Xia”.

关 键 词：“V+开” “V+下” 空间容纳 时间容纳 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]