美国竞技游泳长盛不衰的原因和启示  

The reasons of and inspirations from American competitive swimming maintaining world leading over a long period of time

作　　者：王章明[1] 李建设[2] 顾耀东[2] 关志逊[1,3] WANG Zhang-ming;LI Jian-she;GU Yao-dong;GUAN Zhi-xun(School of Physical Education and Health Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Research Academy of Grand Health,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Postdoctoral Research Station of Education,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院,浙江金华321004 [2]宁波大学大健康研究院,浙江宁波315211 [3]浙江师范大学教育学博士后流动站,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《体育学刊》2019年第3期33-37,共5页Journal of Physical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(16BTY085);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目资助(19C10345019);浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(18NDJC271YB);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M642490);浙江省博士后科研项目择优资助(BSH1802147)

摘　　要：从文化学、社会学、体育学等探讨美国竞技游泳长盛不衰的原因:强在体育文化的掀动、强在学校教育的推动、强在实体社团的发动、强在教练团队的流动。结合中国游泳“浙江现象”,提出3点启示,即相信并依赖项目文化的力量,通过路径选择逐渐形成路径依赖,从经验型到学者型是教练成长的辉煌之路。From the perspectives of culturology,sociology,sports science etc,the authors probed into the reasons for American competitive swimming maintaining enduring strong:strong in the promoting of sports culture,strong in the boosting of school physical education,strong in the launching of real societies,strong in the flowing of coach teams.By combining with the“Zhejiang Phenomenon”of Chinese swimming,the authors put forward 3 inspirations,i.e.believing and depending on the power of event culture,gradually forming path dependence via path selection,from experience type to scholar type is a brilliant way for coaches to grow.

关 键 词：体育文化 美国竞技游泳 中国游泳“浙江现象” 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]