最低工资标准测算实证研究——基于CRITIC-熵权法客观赋权的动态组合测算  

An Empirical Study on the Calculation of Minimum Wage Standard——Dynamic Combination Calculation Based on Objective Weight of CRITIC-Entropy Weight Method

作　　者：吴忠[1,2] 关娇 何江[4] WU Zhong;GUAN Jiao;HE Jiang(School of Management,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Management,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;School of Public Economics and Administration,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Economics and Management,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学管理学院,上海201620 [2]上海理工大学管理学院,上海200093 [3]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院,上海200433 [4]同济大学经济与管理学院,上海200092

出　　处：《当代经济科学》2019年第3期103-117,共15页Modern Economic Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“渐进式延迟退休年龄政策研究”(16ASH013)

摘　　要：科学合理的测算方法是最低工资标准制定及其制度有效施行并切实发挥权益保障效应的关键。本研究以上海市2007-2016年相关统计数据作为研究样本,分别采用比重法、恩格尔系数法、国际收入比例法、因子测算模型和ELES模型等5种方法实证测算最低工资标准,进而构建基于CRITIC-熵权法进行客观赋权的组合测算模型,并以灰色关联分析所得主要影响因子作为参考依据进行动态调整。研究结果发现:(1)5种单一算法中比重法和恩格尔系数法所得理论最低工资标准整体水平偏低,国际收入比例法所得温饱线与执行标准较接近而发展线则显著偏高,因子测算模型和ELES模型测算结果总体较为理想;(2)构建所得最低工资标准组合测算模型的模拟结果与实际执行标准拟合度较高,表明上海市近10年来最低工资标准制定含金量较高,相应标准已基本满足低收入劳动者生存和温饱需求,尤其近年来相关情况已得到显著改善;(3)深入分析来看,上海市最低工资标准仍普遍低于发展线需求,且与最低生活保障标准、人均GDP和职工平均工资等主要影响指标的比率关系并不协调,表明上海市最低工资标准制定及相应配套体制仍有较大提升改善空间。Scientific and reasonable calculation method is the key to the minimum wage setting, the effective implementation of the minimum wage system and the full play of its protection effect of rights and interests. By taking the relevant statistical data of Shanghai from 2007 to 2016 as the research sample, the paper has used five methods, namely Proportion method, Engel Coefficient method, International Income Ratio method, Factor Calculation model and Extended Linear Expenditure System(ELES)method, to measure the minimum wage. Then the combination calculation model is constructed based on CRITIC-Entropy weight method, and the dynamic adjustment is carried out on the basis of the main influence factors obtained by Grey correlation analysis. The study finds out that, among the five single methods, the theoretical minimum wage standard obtained by the Proportion method and Engel Coefficient method is overall on the low side, the food and clothing line of the International Income Proportion method is close to the execution standard while its development line is significantly higher, and the results of Factor Calculation model and ELES model are generally satisfactory. The simulation results of the combined calculation model fit well with the actual minimum wage standard, which shows that the minimum wage standard in Shanghai has a high quality, and has basically met the survival, food and clothing needs of low-income workers, and its situation has been improved significantly especially in recent years. But in depth analysis, the minimum wage standard in Shanghai is still generally lower than the needs of the development line, and the ratio relationship between minimum wage and minimum living guarantee standard, GDP per capita, average wage is still uncoordinated, which indicates that there is still much room for improvement in the formulation of minimum wage standard and its corresponding supporting system in Shanghai.

关 键 词：最低工资标准 组合测算模型 因子测算模型 ELES模型 CRITIC-熵权法 比重法 恩格尔系数法 国际收入比例法 

分 类 号：F249.24[经济管理—劳动经济]